CHRISTIAN DANIEL RAUCH (AROLSEN 1777 - 1857 DRESDEN)GERMAN, SIGNED AND DATED 1833 | Bust of Augusta Wilhelmine Luise Princess of Hesse-Kassel, Duchess of Cambridge (1797-1889)

The model created at Schloss Neustrelitz;
Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Hanover, January 1835 (most probably);
Purchased by the present owner's grandfather in 1978

Archives: SMB-PK, ZA, NL, Berlin, Rauch C.I.6;
Conto-Buch Ltra. D, p. 103;
Nüremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Archiv (letter Rauchs on Auguste von Dewitz, copy);
Karl Eggers, Christian Daniel Rauch: Leben und Werke, vol. V, Berlin, 1891, ("M 1834", referring to the marble as dated 1834 but under the heading of works made in "1833");
Jutta von Simson, Christian Daniel Rauch. Oeuvre- Katalog, Berlin, 1996, cat. no. 213, p. 342;
Friedrich Eggers, Christian Daniel Rauch, vol. V, 1891, p. 58 (general mention), p. 105, no. 233 ("marmor" 1834), p. 115

Natural inclusions and veining in the marble. Some chips and wear throughout including some tiny chips to locks of hair, wreath, and part of ribbon behind her neck. Abrasion to tip of nose and slight abrasion to eyebrows. There is some pigmentation in her cheeks, small area of bridge of nose and between her eyebrows, probably from calcium deposits. The surface was cleaned at some stage. The separately carved base is contemporary to the bust and made by the artists's workshop but may not have been made for this bust. Some losses to the front of the base and some chips to reverse (see catalogue and online images). Otherwise, some small chips to edges commensurate with age. Beautifully carved.
In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective qualified opinion.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING CONDITION OF A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD "AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF SALE PRINTED IN THE CATALOGUE.

The exciting rediscovery of this fine portrait of Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge by one of the Germany’s foremost 19^th century sculptors, Christian Daniel Rauch, is mentioned in the 1996 monograph on the artist as ‘untraced’ (Simson, op.cit., p. 342). The plaster model was made in 1833 and is recorded as having been in the Rauch-Museum, Berlin but it is now lost. No other versions of this portrait are recorded. At the insistence of the German Grand Ducal family, Rauch visited Schloss Neustrelitz, the main residence of the ruling dukes and Grand dukes, in the summer of 1833. Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge was visiting at the same time and Rauch was asked to create a portrait bust of her. He modeled the plaster of the Duchess on the 27th of July and as Rauch noted in his diary, the initial portrait was completed in clay on August 15 and one day later it was “already formed” (Simson, op. cit., p. 342). In his letters, Rauch notes that the marble version of the portrait was completed in 1834 and that the bust was intended to be delivered to the Duke of Cambridge at Christmas in 1834 but due to damage on the socle, Rauch had to delay the shipment. The marble was finally sent to the Duke in January of 1835, presumably to the Duke and Duchesses’ home in Hanover. While some of the literature erroneously mentions that the marble bust was dated 1834 (the year Rauch finished his carving), we know now that he physically dated the marble (the present piece) 1833, the date the original model was completed. Indeed, it has been brought to our attention that Rauch frequently dated his marbles to the year he produced the original model.

During the course of his prestigious career, Christian Daniel Rauch gained favor with the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm III, who recognized the young sculptor's talents and awarded him a stipend to travel to Italy in 1805. It was in Rome where Rauch befriended Antonio Canova and Bertel Thorvaldsen, the famous Neoclassical sculptors, and developed his own distinctive style. Rauch’s first official large assignment came in 1811, when he was commissioned to make the funerary monument of Queen Louise of Prussia. Returning permanently to Berlin after 1818, his reputation as an excellent portraitist now firmly established, he became one of the most desired sculptors for busts and statues of military officials, aristocrats and monarchs, and received commissions from numerous European royal families.  

Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, third daughter of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, was a great-granddaughter of George II of Great Britain. On May 7, in Kassel, and then, again, on June 1, 1818 at Buckingham Palace, Princess Augusta married her second cousin, Adolphus Frederick of Hanover, son of George III and the first Duke of Cambridge.

From 1818 until the accession of Queen Victoria, and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in Hanover, where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, George IV and William IV. The Duke and Duchess returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, Kew, and later at St. James's Palace. She was buried at St. Anne's Church, Kew, but her remains were later transferred to St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.

RELATED LITERATURE
Friedrich Eggers, Christian Daniel Rauch, Berlin, 1890, Rauch III, p. 59 (mentions model 1833);
Das Rauch-museum, eine sammlung von modellen des verstorbenen hofbildhauers ..., Berlin, 1865, no. 76, p. 14 (mentioned" modeled 1833 ");
Monika Peschken-Eilsberger, Christian Daniel Rauch : Familienbriefe, 1796-1857, Munich 1989, p. 336, 341, 343, 345;
Birgit Kümmel and Bernhard Maaz, Christian Daniel Rauch Museum, Bad Arolsen, Berlin 2002, cat. 32