拍品 5
  • 5

北宋 耀州青釉刻牡丹花淨水瓶

估價
500,000 - 700,000 HKD
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描述

  • stoneware
the slender baluster body gracefully potted with a tall waisted neck, elegantly rising to a disc-form flange and a tapering cylindrical mouth, the exterior exquisitely and freely carved with large peony blooms borne on meandering stems with broad leaves, all between lappet bands at the shoulder and the foot, the tapering tube-form mouth encircled by a spiral rib, covered overall in an olive-green glaze that pools to a deeper tone in the recessed areas, the foot unglazed, revealing the light grey ware

來源

Charles E. Russell(1866-1960年)收藏
倫敦蘇富比1960年7月12日,編號156(£600)
Bluett & Sons Ltd,倫敦,1960年(£600)
羅傑琵金頓(1928-69年)收藏, 自1960年 (£600)

展覽

《International Exhibition of Chinese Art》,皇家藝術學院,倫敦,1935-36年,編號1347
《Celadon Wares》,東方陶瓷協會,倫敦,1947年,編號95

出版

R.L. Hobson、Bernard Rackham 及 William King,《Chinese Ceramics in Private Collections》, 倫敦,1931年,圖338
Roy Davids 及 Dominic Jellinek,《Provenance. Collectors, Dealers and Scholars: Chinese Ceramics in Britain and America》, Great Haseley,2011年,圖版133 (中)

Condition

Good condition except for a possible flake - a now touched up area of 0.7 by 0.3 cm to where the neck joins the shoulder, as well as another 'C'-shaped shallow flake to the edge of the unglazed footring and other minor firing irregularities.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

拍品資料及來源

觀音淨水瓶
康蕊君

本淨水瓶為佛家寶器,造型獨特,端麗雅緻。或因器形繁複,需分段獨立拉坯塑形,再組合成器,製作耗時費力,從未廣製於中國各窰,傳世僅只一例可比。

自五代(907-960年)起,佛教畫像多繪觀音菩薩手持淨水瓶,瓶頸凸棱,易於攜帶。參考數幅十世紀絲路敦煌石窟麻紙、絹或紙本畫作,繪觀音持淨水瓶,兩指輕捻瓶頸棱下方,淨水瓶彷彿輕如無物,例見巴黎或倫敦:Jacques Giès 編,《Les arts de l’Asie centrale. La collection Paul Pelliot du musée national des arts asiatiques – Guimet》,巴黎,1995年,卷1,圖版54、66、68-1、71、72-1、73-1;或參考 Roderick Whitfield 及Anne Farrer,《Caves of the Thousand Buddhas. Chinese Art from the Silk Route》,倫敦,1990年,圖版 12)。畫中觀音手勢獨特,突顯此瓶之重要性。

上述畫作,多繪金、銀或銅製淨水瓶,然而出自該時期之金屬淨水瓶作例極其罕見。金屬或陶胎淨水瓶,瓶肩多另有帶蓋瓶嘴,作注水用,可參考河北定窰白瓷例。

本瓶製於陝西耀州窰,五代時期,陝西盛產青瓷,或因浙江越窰出產優質青瓷,因而受啟發,故亦創製青瓷。耀州窰青釉瓷,技術、紋飾皆獨樹一格,匠心獨運,創思盡見,從不流於模仿。本品器型,似為耀州窰實驗多時之製品,然而始終成器極少,僅見一殘片重組例,上刻高浮雕紋飾屬該時期典型,出土自五代窰址,見《五代黃堡窰址 》,北京,1997年,彩色圖版6,圖2;圖版37,圖4;頁82,圖 45: 5;及頁288,圖165下(圖一)。同期並無完整作例。

北宋耀州窰,青瓷冠絕全國,風格獨特,適合大批燒製。茶具、食具等,紋飾或雕刻、或模造,產量甚大,不僅流通中國,更遠銷海外,由出土文物可見,埃及福斯塔出土者尤為佳例。同代出品亦見於河南各地,寶豐汝窰亦有出產。

除大批燒製之青瓷外,耀州窰亦有創製器型、紋飾繁複之珍品,精巧獨特,費工耗時且難於仿製。直立式瓷器,製作及加飾較為費時,燒製時佔窰中位置甚多,且燒造困難,故耀州窰鮮有出品,本瓶即為其中罕例。現存文獻僅記載一例可比,現屬波士頓美術館 Charles B. Hoyt 收藏,製於同期,尺寸相近,唯紋飾有異,環繞瓶身花卉紋飾較窄,其下再有兩道花瓣紋,一道朝上,一道朝下,故該瓶與本品並非成對,應屬獨立設計,見 Tseng Hsien-ch’i 及 Robert Paul Dart,《The Charles B. Hoyt Collection in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston》,波士頓,1964-72年,卷 II:《Chinese Art: Liao, Sung, and Yüan Dynasties》,圖版49(圖二)。

陝西銅川黃堡耀州窰宋代地層出土僅八件青瓷破片,器型或與本品相近,圖見《宋代耀州窰址》,北京,1998年,圖版78,圖3-6及頁 294,圖 149: 8-10及頁296,圖150: 1-3及 5-6,包括一例,紋飾相近,唯瓶口殘缺(圖版78,圖3),另有一例,瓶口相近(圖150: 5);另比黑釉例,尺寸較小,彩色圖版13,圖4;圖版126,圖 1;頁426,圖210: 3。除出產大型三足爐可供廟宇用外,耀州窰鮮有燒製宗教禮器。

本品出自琵金頓雅蓄,由琵金頓購自著名藏家 Charles Ernest Russell (1866-1960年)。Russell 乃同代最具遠見藏家之一,曾收藏「大維德青花對瓶」其中一瓶,亦為元代青花及清朝御瓷鑑藏家,眼光獨到,領先同儕。其宋至清代收藏部份載於1931年R.L. Hobson出版文獻,其中數件由大維德爵士購入,現藏倫敦大英博物館,約六十多件在其身後售於倫敦蘇富比,多為宋代珍器。本瓶曾亮相1935年倫敦皇家學院 International Exhibition of Chinese Art 展覽,該展覽為歷來最重要之中國藝術品展,借展逾三千件珍品,來自全球各地,Russell本人亦借出16件。

圖一
觀音菩薩,設色絹本,敦煌石窟17號(五代),斷代910年,大英博物館OA 1919.1-1.014 (Ch.liv.006)

圖二
出處: 《五代黃堡窰址 》,北京,1997年,彩色圖版6,圖2;

圖三
Tseng Hsien-ch’i 及Robert Paul Dart,《The Charles B. Hoyt Collection in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston》,波士頓,1964-72年,卷 II:《Chinese Art: Liao, Sung, and Yüan Dynasties》,圖版49。