拍品 17
  • 17

明永樂 青花花卉錦紋如意耳扁壺

估價
25,000,000 - 35,000,000 HKD
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描述

  • porcelain
modelled after a Middle Eastern metal prototype, elegantly potted with a flattened spherical body set with two circular bosses at the sides, rising to a garlic neck flanked by a pair of loop handles with ruyi-shaped terminals on the shoulders, all supported on a spreading foot of circular form, the front and back domed faces intricately painted in deep cobalt-blue tones with geometric panels, the centre with a lotus bloom wreathed by foliate stems within a star-shaped panel, surrounded by six indented eight-sided panels enclosing floral sprays with serrated leaves, all encircled by six hexagonal panels of stylised flowerheads alternating with similar elongated panels of interlaced lozenges, the outer border with shaped panels enclosing crashing waves forming the corners of a large hexagon, interspersed with pairs of narrow panels of flower scrolls, all divided by double line borders, the narrow sides of the flask decorated with a composite floral scroll interrupted by flower heads on the raised bosses, the neck collared by a band of stylised floral sprigs, below a garlic-form mouth painted with ruyi-shaped lappets enclosing stylised floral sprays, the foot skirted with pendent trefoil spearheads above a band of small florets, the unglazed base with a deep glazed recess in the centre

來源

Stephen K. Garratt 收藏,至1954年
Bluett & Sons Ltd,倫敦,1954年
Cuthbert S. Wilkinson 收藏,1954 至 1962年 (£285)
Bluett & Sons Ltd,倫敦,1962年(£2000)
羅傑琵金頓(1928-69年)收藏,自1962年 (£2750)

展覽

《Chinese Blue and White Porcelain: 14th to 19th Centuries》,東方陶瓷協會, Arts Council Gallery,倫敦,1953-4年,編號 46

出版

Adrian Joseph,《Ming Porcelains. Their Origins and Development》,倫敦,1971年,載封面及圖版 22號

Condition

Good condition. The moonflask is slightly tilted to one side.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

拍品資料及來源

妙筆繪幾何
康蕊君

永樂年間(1403-24年),御窰作坊出品各式瓷器,新穎獨特,永樂帝對此應甚為熟悉。然而本壺器形紋飾,實屬其中最為巧妙之作。該時期之瓷作,器形多以中東雛本為模,唯本品器形紋飾出類拔萃,更勝同儕。如此幾何紋飾,明顯取自中東樣式,繁複華麗,罕見於中國御瓷,即使元代(1279-1369年)與 中東交流密切,幾何構圖流行於青花盤,亦僅取中東器之構圖,紋飾仍然純屬中式,不如本品伊斯蘭風格濃厚。

本壺形仿金屬器,製作極難,中國瓷匠習慣橫向分段,逐段拉坯塑形,再組合成器,並按需要調整,而非模製器具,故此製作本壺,尤為艱鉅。本器壺身橢圓,壺頸幼細,與壺足同為圓柱狀,製作本已艱難,而壺身紋飾繁複,則難度更高,彰顯瓷匠藝高膽大。六角星形構圖,以同心圓格局層層遞進,必需精密計算安排,反覆思量所有角度,線條從圓心出發,更需平直準繩。如此紋飾,見於可蘭經,原以筆、尺繪於紙上,中華藝匠取此紋飾,不用直尺,僅以毛筆直接繪畫於圓拱器腹,盡顯景德鎮御窰藝匠驚人造詣。成品瑰麗華美,展現十五世紀中華藝匠過人創思,匠心獨運,不拘一格。

十四及十五世紀期間,文化交流頻繁,成果豐碩,不僅中東工藝流傳於中國,反之亦然。參考印於十四世紀早期之伊朗可蘭經,繪相近中式纏枝蓮紋,六角星形構圖,星外環飾六邊形花卉紋,見康蕊君,《Chinese Art from the Reach Family Collection》,Eskenazi,倫敦, London,1989年,頁11,圖7。

另可參考一類永樂青花罐 ,上繪相近中東幾何紋飾,器身呈圓柱形,比較本壺,無需沿拱形器腹調整紋飾,故此構圖遠為輕易。清朝期間,藝匠仿效此罐甚廣,式樣頗多,仿效扁壺而製之瓷器則較罕。比較一永樂帶蓋例,清宮舊藏,載於耿寶昌編,《故宮博物院藏明初青花瓷》,北京,2002年,卷1,圖版22。同書錄兩清代倣製例,卷2,圖版193:雍正例,尺寸較小,以及一帶蓋例,式樣相近,清宮舊藏,無款,斷代乾隆年製,圖版208。

本壺以多個切面構成星形圖案,切面內紋飾既有蓮紋、浪紋等中式典型,亦有中東風格紋飾,後者為抽象圖案,不以形似為尚,突顯中東風格。

永樂仿中東瓷器多屬御窰出品,為中國宮廷而製,而非供外銷,本品亦然。近東、中東皇家收藏皆無相近作例,伊朗阿德比爾聖廟薩非王朝收藏,以及土耳其伊斯坦堡奧圖曼宮廷收藏皆無近例,北京故宮博物院則可見兩例,清宮舊藏,錄於《故宮博物院藏文物珍品全集.青花釉裏紅 (上)》 ,上海,2000 年,圖版39,及耿寶昌,出處同上,卷1,圖版36,同書記錄一無款雍正例,見卷 2,圖版183;另可參考一雍正例,現藏烟台市博物館,彭卿雲編,《中國文物精華大全-陶瓷卷》,台北,1993年,圖版 673。台北故宮博物院亦藏一例,圖見《故宮藏瓷:明青花瓷》,卷1,香港,1963年,圖版6。

可比較一例,出自大維德爵士雅藏,現存於倫敦大英博物館,圖見康蕊君及霍吉淑,《大英博物館大維德爵士藏中國陶瓷精選》,倫敦,2009年,圖版27;並錄於 John Pope,,Richard Ettinghausen 編,《Aus der Welt der Islamischen Kunst. Festschrift für Ernst Kühnel》,柏林,1959年,頁357-75,圖版4 B,作者論述器形及紋飾。鴻禧美術館亦藏一例,圖見 James Spencer 編,《Selected Chinese Ceramics from Han to Qing Dynasties》,台北,1990年,圖版82;再比一例,出自 S.K. Garratt 收藏,載於東方陶瓷學會展覽《 Chinese Blue and White Porcelain: 14th to 19th Centuries》,The Arts Council Gallery,倫敦,1953-4年,編號46,作者描述該例器形紋飾,唯無附圖。

曾現身拍賣場之例,僅只兩品,其一售於香港蘇富比1979年5月21日,編號39,圖見《香港蘇富比二十週年》,香港,1993年,圖版46;另一例曾借展於倫敦維多利亞與艾伯特博物館( 1968-79年),後為 Reach 家族收藏及 Marie Therese Rodrigues 收藏,售於倫敦蘇富比1979年7月10日,編號139,亦曾展於《Chinese Art from the Reach Family Collection》,Eskenazi Ltd,倫敦,1989年,編號32,後易手於香港佳士得1997年4月28日,編號657。兩品成對,圖錄於 Giuseppe Eskenazi 及 Hajni Elias 合作出版,《A Dealer’s Hand. The Chinese Art World Through the Eyes of Giuseppe Eskenazi》,倫敦,2012年,圖版347。

此外尚可參考一永樂青花臥壺例 ,器身紋飾相近,圖見陸明華,《上海博物館藏品研究大系:明代官窰瓷器》,上海,2007年,圖版3-11。