拍品 12
  • 12

南宋 建窰兔毫茶盞

估價
400,000 - 600,000 HKD
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描述

  • stoneware and metal
superbly potted, the deep rounded sides rising from a short straight foot to a rim indented with a thin concave groove, unctuously covered with a lustrous black glaze with iridescent silvery-blue ‘hare’s fur’ streaks, the glaze draining from the rim and falling short of the foot in a glossy black bulge revealing the dark brown body, the rim bound with metal

來源

Peter Hariolf Plesch(1918-2013年)收藏,至1959年
倫敦蘇富比1959年3月17日,編號7(£62)
Bluett & Sons Ltd,倫敦,1959年(£62)
羅傑琵金頓(1928-69年)收藏,自1959年(£75)

Condition

The bowl is in very good condition with just minor scratches to the surface.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

拍品資料及來源

禾目銀輝
康蕊君

建窰黑釉茶盌之賞鑒,與日本茶道宗師與收藏家息息相關,在日本,宋代建窰茶盞廣得崇敬愛慕,其日文名稱「天目」也隨之流傳千里,成為現今通稱此類黑釉器盞之名。

古時,黑釉茶盞多藏於佛寺,用之奉茶以養身心,茶盌質樸素雅,合適作為供佛儀典之器。盞沿下一圈微斂,為持用方便而設,胎厚紮實,保茶汁溫熱而不燙手,釉黑潤亮,托襯宋時點茶擊拂茶水後,所得茶面細沫,白黑相映,瞬息美哉。

點茶法保存於日本茶道傳統,黑釉建盞則與浙江臨安天目山淵源深遠,天目山以高聳日本古松聞名,乾隆帝南巡亦曾造訪,天目茶現仍馳名。宋時,日本僧人或許將天目盞與福建產茶一起帶回本國寺院,傳承至今依舊深受敬仰,數件已定為國寶文物。

福建建陽窰致力於燒製茶盞,年年進貢內廷,宋徽宗重文愛藝,茶學造詣且精, 對於建陽茶盞亦是傾愛不已。

1930年代派駐福州海關的美國官員 James Marshall Plumer(1899-1960),於當地古董商行發現此類黑釉建盞後,大為傾心。1935年決心深入福建尋覓窰址,路途艱難,原為駕車,行至第四條激流處,為渡河只得棄車乘舟,後轉搭火車、公車、竹筏、郵船、步行等,沿途中不僅需收買驛站人員,以求保身,且數度遇洪水沖塌路橋,滯難重重。Plumer 最終在水吉一帶定位建陽窰址,他的研究推廣與專著,《Temmoku: A Study of the Ware of Chien》,東京,1972年,使建盞名揚西方。

建盞黑釉耀眼,釉色變化多樣,窰燒時,釉裡氣泡爆裂,流釉成絲絲細紋,稱之兔毫(日文「禾目」),或釉面圓點緻密之樣,稱為油滴(日文「油滴」),色調紅褐至耀藍皆可見,褐釉兔毫可說最具代表性,泛藍油滴釉則是盛名且罕見,二者之間可見無數種釉色變化,決定建盞之價值與魅力。此件兔毫茶盞釉色亮澤,金銅色細毫隱隱閃耀銀光,乃禾目品類中最珍稀者。

《唐物天目》,茶道資料館,京都,1994年,收錄一系列天目盞,包括數件日本國寶及福建出土作例,其中國立京都博物館與德川美術館藏禾目建盞,類同此件拍品,銅褐色細毫泛銀輝,頁19ff,圖版10、13、15、16。成功燒出如此釉色者甚少,建窰遺址碎片堆中亦是少見,僅發現寥寥數例,刊於前述出處,頁64ff,圖版47右下、48、61,頁103,參考圖版E。

多位學者皆曾探討建盞盌心積釉略偏之現象,Marshall P.S. Wu 專文中指出,此應源自於燒造時,建盞以略微傾斜角度置於匣缽內,用以避免流釉沾黏(Marshall P.S. Wu,〈Black-glazed Jian Ware and Tea Drinking in the Song Dynasty〉,《Orientations》,卷29,4號,1998年4月,頁22ff,圖2-5)。