<a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Boris%20Grinsson&amp;tab=objects&amp;sortBy=bsp_dotcom_prod_en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Boris Grinsson</a>'s artwork features on this first-year-of-release French Petite <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">film poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> movie <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Dr.%20No&amp;tab=objects&amp;sortBy=bsp_dotcom_prod_en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Dr. No</a>.<ul><li>Boris Grinsson (Russian, 1907-1999).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>Linen backed.&nbsp;</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

French James Bond Dr No Movie Poster

A <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/books-&amp;-manuscripts/book?locale=en&amp;Book%20Subject=Photographs" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">photograph</a> taken on the set of the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film, Dr. No.<ul><li>Photographed by Herman Leonard (American, 1923-2010).</li><li>Oversized candid double-weight photograph.</li><li>With a perspex window on the back that displays the original information, along with measurements indicating the required printing size for the press.</li><li>This work is presented framed.</li></ul> This oversized, candid double-weight photograph of the legendary Sean Connery was taken on the set of the first James Bond film,&nbsp;Dr. No. Captured by Herman Leonard, a highly sought-after jazz photographer known for his dramatically lit, smoky images, Leonard’s unique background makes this photograph particularly intriguing. The image of Connery relaxing with a cigarette between takes is nothing short of iconic and represents a truly unique find.

Photograph Of Sean Connery On the Set of James Bond: Dr. No

Italian <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film Dr. No.<ul><li>Averardo Ciriello (Italian, 1918-2016).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>Produced for the first Italian release, 1963.</li><li>Linen backed.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

Italian James Bond Dr. No Movie Poster

A <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film Dr. No.<ul><li>Mitchell Hooks (American, 1923-2013).</li><li>Design by David Chasman (American, 1925-2019).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>Unbacked.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

British James Bond Dr. No Movie Poster

A Spanish <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Dr.+No&amp;pfilters.dateRange=upcoming" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Dr. No</a>.<ul><li>Macario Gomez (Mac) (Spanish, 1926-2018).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>Produced for the first Spanish release, 1963.</li><li>Linen backed and framed.</li></ul>

Spanish James  Bond Dr. No / Agente 007 contra el Dr. No Movie Poster

A <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie</a> production still photograph of <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Sean%20Connery&amp;tab=objects&amp;sortBy=bsp_dotcom_prod_en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Sean Connery</a> as <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> in Dr. No.<ul><li>Conservation framed with UV plexiglass.</li></ul> This British publicity photograph was used to promote the film in Germany.

James Bond Dr. No Movie Production Still Photograph

A first-year-of-release French Grande <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the first, and perhaps best of the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> action adventure films ever made, Dr No.<ul><li>Boris Grinsson (Russian, 1907-1999).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>Linen backed.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

French James Bond Dr. No Movie Poster

German film poster for the first <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film Dr No. starring Sean Connery.<ul><li>Designed by Atelier Degen by combining artwork and photo montage.</li><li>Eon Productions</li><li>Rolled and unframed.</li></ul>

James Bond Dr. No German Movie Poster

Movie lobby card for the 1962 release of <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> Dr. No,&nbsp;starring Sean Connery.<ul><li>United Artists.</li><li>Lobby card number 4.</li><li>Conservation framed in obeche wood with card mount and UV plexiglass.</li></ul>

James Bond Dr. No Movie Lobby Card

A <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film Dr. No.<ul><li>United Artists.</li><li>Produced for the first US release, 1963.</li><li>Paper backed and conservation framed with UV plexiglass.</li></ul>

James Bond Dr. No Movie Poster

A French <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/james-bond" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">James Bond</a> film Dr. No.<ul><li>Boris Grinsson (Russian, 1907-1999).</li><li>United Artists.</li><li>First French release, 1963.</li><li>Paper, backed on linen.</li><li>This work is presented framed</li></ul>

The Jay T. Snider Collection of Benjamin Franklin

(Benjamin Franklin) Moral Pictures, or Poor Richard Illustrated. Being Lessons for the Young and the Old, on Industry, Temperance, Frugality, &c By the late Dr. Benj. Franklin. [No place or printer, ca. 1810] Broadside printed in sanguine on linen (450 x 615 mm). 25 oval vignettes with aphoristic captions, including a portrait of Franklin, each after Robert Dighton; foxed, top right corner fraying slightly, top and bottom margin trimmed close. Glazed and framed, stitched onto a cloth mat (560 x 720 mm). Rare sanguine printing of this illustrated broadside on linen featuring Franklin's clever maxims on industry. Across its 25 vignettes, the broadside visually depicts several of Franklin's aphorisms from The Way to Wealth, including "Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise" and "When the well is dry, they know the worth of water." This issue of Moral Pictures is evidently unrecorded. Most eighteenth-century editions, including a version in the form of a jigsaw puzzle, have either the London imprint of Bowles and Carver or the Manchester imprint of Bancks & Co., though versions of this instructive pictorial continued to be published until the mid-nineteenth century. REFERENCES Cf. Ford 137*; American Philosophical Society Mss.973.C683

View 1 of Lot 153: (Benjamin Franklin) | "Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise"

(benjamin franklin) | "early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise"

Tableaux 1400-1900

Simon Luttichuys Londres 1610 - 1661 Amsterdam Nature morte à la tazza Huile sur panneau 47,5 x 37 cm ; 18¾ by 14⅝ in. Nous remercions Dr. Fred G. Meijer d'avoir confirmé l'authenticité de cette œuvre, d'après photographies.

View 1 of Lot 13: Nature morte à la tazza

nature morte à la tazza

Une collection particulière française Osias Beert l'Ancien Anvers 1570 -1624 Nature morte aux plats de fruits et verres de vin Huile sur panneau 50,1 x 84,6 cm ; 19¾ by 33¼ in. Nous remercions Dr. Fred G. Meijer d'avoir confirmé l'authenticité de cette œuvre, d'après photographies.

View 1 of Lot 14: Nature morte aux plats de fruits et verres de vin

nature morte aux plats de fruits et verres de vin

Provenant d'une collection particulière française

Provenant d'une collection particulière française Lorenzo Costa Ferrare 1460 - 1535 Mantoue Vierge à l'Enfant Huile sur panneau 52,5 x 46 cm ; 20⅝ by 18⅛ in. Nous remercions Dr. Christopher Daly d'avoir confirmé l'authentification de cette œuvre, d'après photographies, et Dr. Gloria de Liberali pour l'avoir datée vers 1500.

vierge à l'enfant

Une collection particulière française Jacob van Hulsdonck Anvers 1582 - 1647 Nature morte aux prunes dans une coupe Wang-li Huile sur panneau Signé en bas à gauche sur l’entablement HULSDONCK FE ; porte au dos du panneau la marque de la guilde d’Anvers 42,5 x 56,4 cm ; 16¾ by 22¼ in. Nous remercions Dr. Fred G. Meijer d'avoir confirmé l'authenticité de cette œuvre, d'après photographies.

View 1 of Lot 10: Nature morte aux prunes dans une coupe Wang-li

nature morte aux prunes dans une coupe wang-li

Provenant d'un prestigieuse collection espagnole

Provenant d'un prestigieuse collection espagnole Maître de 1416 Actif à Florence au début du XVe siècle Vierge à l'Enfant Tempera sur fond d’or sur panneau, chantourné dans le haut 85 x 49,9 cm ; 33½ by 19⅝ in. Nous remercions Dr. Christopher Daly d'avoir confirmé l'attribution de cette œuvre, d'après photographies.

Provenant d'un prestigieuse collection espagnole Tommaso del Mazza, dit aussi Maître de Santa Verdiana Actif à Florence, Prato et Pistoia entre 1377 et 1392 Crucifixion Tempera sur fond d’or et peinture dorée sur panneau, chantourné dans le haut 69 x 52,5 cm ; 27⅛ by 20⅝ in. Nous remercions Dr. Christopher Daly d'avoir confirmé l'attribution de cette œuvre, d'après photographies.

crucifixion

Benjamin Franklin Autograph document signed (“Errors excepted per BFranklin,” with large paraph) as colonial agent for Georgia, signed a second time (“BFranklin”) in text, one page on a quarter sheet of paper (165 x 295 mm), Philadelphia, 7 October 1776, being an invoice to the Province of Georgia for “three Years Service as their Agent in England”; browned, laid down on heavier stock, closing some tiny losses and fold separations, with some abrasion and loss of surface paper but costing only a single letter of text and a few very short sections of rules. Half green morocco folding-case gilt, chemise. Franklin’s long tenure as Colonial Agent in England for Pennsylvania (1757–1775) is well known and studied, and, because of his entanglement with the Hutchinson letters, so is his service in the same role for Massachusetts (1771–1775). But Franklin also represented the affairs of two other North American colonies in Parliament: New Jersey (1769–1775 [concurrent with his son William’s term as royal governor of that province]) and Georgia (1768–1774). “The Doctor was appointed Georgia agent in the spring of 1768 as a compromise selection, in the hope that his appointment would end a two-year feud between the two houses of the Georgia legislature. For two years the lower house had attempted to appoint Charles Garth, who was already serving as South Carolina's agent. The upper house consistently refused to concur in the appointment of Garth, and Governor James Wright had backed the upper house by persuading officials in London not to receive Garth as Georgia's agent. Hoping to end the political stalemate, Wright responded positively in the early months of 1768 when the lower house proposed Franklin for the agency. Although the upper house exhibited little enthusiasm for the Doctor, its members went along. … The effective date of Franklin's appointment was 1 June 1768, and the ordinance by which it was made, called upon the new agent to ‘follow and pursue all such instructions, as he shall from time to time receive from the General Assembly’ or from the Assembly's Committee of Correspondence, which was to consist of nine men from the lower house and five from the upper house. Seven members of the committee constituted a quorum and could send instructions, as long as at least two members from the upper house were present when the committee met. The new agent's salary was to be £100 per year over and above expenses” (Morgan, pp. 136–37). Franklin’s formal appointment as Agent for Georgia lapsed on 1 June 1771 and was never renewed, although he continued to represent the colony’s interests. In March 1774, Grey Elliott, a Georgia planter resident in London, was appointed as alternate Colonial Agent for Georgia, with power to act in Franklin’s absence. At the time Franklin sent this invoice, he had been back in America for more than a year and was shortly to sail the Atlantic again for Paris. He had evidently received no monies from Georgia for almost six years. Franklin’s neat statement of accounts is headed “Province of Georgia to BFranklin.” The left column lists his fees and expenses, which total £439.5.11: “To three Years Service as their Agent in England at 100£ Sterling per Ann.} £300.0.0 “To Cash paid for a Mace, Gowns, &c.——107.12.9 “To Do. paid Thos. Life Esqr. Sollicetor 16.1.2 “To Coach & Chair hire, Fees at Offices, and other small Expenses————} 15.12.0” In the right column, Franklin details his compensation received, which leaves him a “Balance” due of £219.5.11: “1770 June 20. By a Bill of Exchange———£100.0.0 “Dec. 11. By Ditto2 Bills————£120.0.0” Franklin’s claim for his agreed to annual salary is unremarkable, as are the charges for various “small Expenses” and for the lawyer Thomas Life, who was appointed to serve with Richard Jackson as London agent for Connecticut in 1760, but who frequently acted as Franklin’s lawyer, including during the Hutchinson letters affair. Less justifiable, perhaps, was the more than £107 charged for the ceremonial regalia required for his attendance at Parliament, which must assuredly already been part of his wardrobe. The Franklin Papers record the final settlement for Franklin’s Massachusetts agency, £1,851 allocated by the colony’s House of Representatives on 23 October 1775 (Papers 22:243–244). Massachusetts had a particular motivation to stay in Franklin’s good graces, as he had been appointed, 30 September 1775, together with Benjamin Harrison of Virginia and Thomas Lynch of South Carolina, to a committee of the Continental Congress to meet at Cambridge with George Washington, recently appointed commander in chief of the newly formed Continental Army, and representatives of the New England colonies to address the commander’s concerns and determine “the most effectual method of continuing, supporting, and regulating a continental army.” Indeed, the very day the committee was appointed, Massachusetts congressional delegate John Adams wrote to James Warren, speaker of the Massachusetts House, asking, “Will it not be excellent Politicks to make Dr Franklin welcome by making him a grant of what is due to him from the Province? if you grant it in your provisional Paper, I suppose you can change it for him into continental” (cf. Papers of John Adams 3:173 and Letters of Delegates to Congress 2:80–81 note). Interestingly, Adams’s letter was carried to Warren by Franklin. Georgia may not have felt the same incentive to settle her debt to Franklin; at the least, there is no record in the Papers of Benjamin Franklin that she did so. On 25 October 1776, Franklin sent a copy of his invoice—almost certainly the present document—to Savannah doctor and statesman Noble Wimberly Jones, explaining, “Being just about to embark for Europe, I take the Liberty of troubling you with my Acct. and requesting you would be so good as to procure an Adjustment of it from your Government, and remit the Sum you receive to my Son-in-law Richard Bache, Secretary of the General Post Office Residing in this Place, whose Rect. shall be a Discharge” (Papers 22:670–671). Franklin’s letter to Jones is now held by the Massachusetts Historical Society, but the enclosed accounting is no longer with it. In a note, the Papers point out that a transcription of the invoice “dated Philadelphia, Oct. 7, 1776, which may have been what he enclosed,” was published in The Historical Magazine and Notes and Queries Concerning the Antiquities, History, and Biography of America, vol. 1 (1857), p. 311, “and has since disappeared.” The note describing Franklin’s account with Georgia is signed “W. S. P.,” and the author stated that the document was in his possession. This may well have been William Stevens Perry (1832–1898), an Episcopal bishop and educator; see William Cushing, Initials and Pseudonyms: A Dictionary of Literary Disguises (New York, 1886). REFERENCES David T. Morgan, The Devious Dr. Franklin, Colonial Agent: Benjamin Franklin’s Years in London (Mercer University Press, 1996), passim PROVENANCE Probably William Stevens Perry (see above) — Christie’s New York, 18 June 2020, lot 92 (undesignated consignor)

View 1 of Lot 113: Benjamin Franklin | "three Years Service as [Georgia's] Agent in England at 100£ Sterling per Ann.".

benjamin franklin | "three years service as [georgia's] agent in england at 100£ sterling per ann.".

A French <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the film The Mysterious Dr. Fu Manchu.<ul><li>Jacques Bonneaud (French, 1898-1971).</li><li>Paramount Pictures.</li><li>Produced for the First French release, 1930.</li><li>Linen backed.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

French The Mysterious Dr. Fu Manchu / Fu Manchou Movie Poster

A <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/books-&amp;-manuscripts/book?locale=en&amp;Book%20Subject=Fine%2520bindings" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">finely bound</a> and <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/books-&amp;-manuscripts/book?locale=en&amp;Book%20Subject=Illustrated" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">illustrated</a> edition of Modes and Manners of the Nineteenth Century.<ul><li>Sold as a set of 3 volumes.</li><li>Oskar Fischel (English).</li><li>Max Von Boehn (German).</li><li>Translated by M. Edwardes.</li><li>Modes and Manners of the Nineteenth Century as Represented in the Pictures and Engravings of the Time.</li><li>London: J. M. Dent &amp; Co., 1909.</li><li>Each volume with 4 inlaid miniature portraits for a total of 12 portraits by Currie.</li><li>Bound in full teal morocco, ribbed gilt decorated spines, covers ruled and paneled in gilt, floral gilt decorations to front covers, white silk morie pastedowns and endpapers, top edges gilt, others uncut, each housed in their original open ended slipcases, by Riviere &amp; Son for J. H. Stonehouse, lower edge of rear cover stamped "Miniatures C. by Currie".</li></ul> The "Currie" refers to Miss C.B. Currie (Caroline Billin Curry, 1849-1940), a British book illuminator known for her miniature portraits on book covers and fore-edge paintings. She worked for the bookshop Henry Sotheran &amp; Co. and is famous for her work with the binder Riviere &amp; Son.

Modes and Manners of the Nineteenth Century as Represented in the Pictures and Engravings of the Time

A German <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/collectibles/vintage-poster/film" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">movie poster</a> for the film Obsession (Der Wahnsinn des Dr. Clive).<ul><li>Eagle Lion Films.</li><li>Produced for the first German release, 1950.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

German Obsession / Der Wahnsinn des Dr. Clive Movie Poster

Montgomery & Winters A South-East Prospect of the Pennsylvania Hospital, with the Elevation of the Intended Plan. Philadelphia: Printed and Sold by Robert Kennedy, 1761 Hand-colored engraving (274 x 367 mm). First state, before the addition of the numbers, signed in the plate "Montgomery & Winters Del." and "J Steeper & H Dawkins sculp.t"; lightly toned, marginal repairs, with one closed crack barely passing the neatline at the left, and one touching the engraved text at lower right corner, expertly rebacked. Framed. The first state of this early view of Pennsylvania Hospital, apparently a unique impression. "This Building by the Bounty of the Government, And of many private Persons, Was Piously founded, for the Relief of the Sick and Miserable." This engraved view shows Pennsylvania Hospital, located at 8th and Pine Streets in Philadelphia, as seen from the southeast. It treated men and woman for both physical and mental illnesses. Of particular note is the garden in the foreground, where invalids are seen taking air and exercise, assisted by groups of well-heeled and charitable Philadelphians. The view was made to stimulate public interest in the Pennsylvania Hospital, and it was sold to raise funds for the institution's continued growth. Co-founded by Dr. Thomas Bond, a Philadelphia physician who first conceived of the institution, and Benjamin Franklin, who helped secure the necessary funding, it was the nation's first chartered hospital. The Pennsylvania Assembly pledged £2,000 for the institution but required that the founders raise a matching amount from private individuals (see lot 60 for a collection of Pennsylvania Hospital Promissory Notes, printed by Franklin). The goal was easily met, and the hospital was chartered in 1751. After a short period in a temporary building, the east wing opened its doors in 1756. Although the full building, as designed by Samuel Rhoads, is depicted here, the central and western wings were not completed until after the Revolution (west wing, 1795-96; central pavilion, 1796-99). As such, the hospital required additional funding to complete the building, which is what this engraving would likely have funded. The charitable nature of the print is made doubly clear by the roundel at the bottom of the image. It includes an illustration of, and a bible passage from, the Parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:35) — "take care of him & I will repay thee." Pennsylvania Hospital's Pine Building still stands today. It recently opened as a museum in May 2026, the year the hospital celebrated its 275th anniversary. This print was last sold in 1973 at Sotheby's, and evidently no copy of any state of the print has appeared at auction since then, per Rare Book Hub. We are only able to locate a single institutional example, held at the Library Company of Philadelphia. REFERENCES Snyder, City of Philadelphia, 24 (this copy); Roger W. Moss, "Rhoads, Samuel," from Philadelphia Architects and Buildings, a project of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia (https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25803); Julie Wood, "The History of Pennsylvania Hospital's Pine Building," Penn Medicine, May 7, 2026 (https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/the-history-of-pennsylvania-hospital-pine-building?path=News&path=the-history-of-pennsylvania-hospital-pine-building) PROVENANCE Martin Snyder

View 1 of Lot 62: [Pennsylvania Hospital] — Montgomery & Winters | The first state of this early view of the nation's first chartered hospital, likely a unique impression

[pennsylvania hospital] — montgomery & winters | the first state of this early view of the nation's first chartered hospital, likely a unique impression

[John Armstrong] The Art of Preserving Health: A Poem. London, Printed: Philadelphia: Re-printed, and Sold by B. Franklin, M.DCC.XLV (1745) 4to (192 x 124 mm). Complete with all four section-titles, woodcut title-page ornament and tailpieces (Miller, appendix B, 19 and 21); dampstaining, early ownership marking on title page. Period-style full calf, blind-ruled, maroon morocco spine label. Dark blue slipcase, chemise. An exceedingly rare Franklin imprint: the first American edition of physician-poet John Armstrong's poem on health and well-being. John Armstrong (1709–1779), aScottish-born poet and physician, blended his two professions when he penned this long didactic poem in blank verse. It is divided into four books, each pertaining to a different pillar of good health: air, diet, exercise, and the passions. Despite having "a somewhat unpromising subject for poetic treatment [it] is gracefully and ingeniously handled" (John W. Cousin, A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature, London: J.M. Dent, 1910). The poem was very successful when first published in London by Andrew Millar in 1744, and it afforded its author a degree of contemporary fame. Armstrong published both prose and verse regularly after 1744, and was an active member in London's literary circles. He corresponded extensively with Tobias Smollett, James Thomson, John Wilkes, and others. He also practiced as a physician and published several medical works. It is a testament to The Art of Preserving Health's widespread success that Benjamin Franklin, across the Atlantic in Philadelphia, decided to reprint the poem so soon after it first appeared in London. Rare—ESTC lists only twelve copies in institutions; the last copy that sold at auction was in 1941 at Parke Bernet, and prior to that, copies appeared at Henkels in 1932, 1921, and 1917; Rosenbach offered a copy in 1917; the great Franklin collector Samuel Pennypacker never owned a copy. REFERENCES Miller 367; ESTC W872; Evans 5532; Hildeburn 913; Sabin 2023; R. B. Austin, Early American Medical Imprints 78;Lewis M. Knapp, "Dr. John Armstrong, Littérateur, and Associate of Smollett, Thomson, Wilkes, and Other Celebrities," in PMLA, Vol. 59, No. 4 (Dec., 1944), pp. 1019–1058 PROVENANCE Largely illegible early ownership signature on the title-page, possibly beginning with "A" and "G"

View 1 of Lot 35: (John Armstrong) | An exceedingly rare Franklin imprint

(john armstrong) | an exceedingly rare franklin imprint

(Benjamin Franklin) Pennsylvania Hospital Promissory Notes: an extensive collection of approximately 267 accomplished and approximately 80 unaccomplished promissory notes for the subscription to raise funds for the establishment of the Pennsylvania Hospital, most accomplished notes with pledgees’ signatures clipped (done upon full receipt of pledge) and with extensive docketing and endorsements on verso tracking payment. [Philadelphia: Printed by Benjamin Franklin and David Hall, 1751–1754; accomplished 1751–1798] The notes in two formats, the larger, quarto format (ca. 216 x 165 mm, with wide variation and irregularity) typically printed with two promissory notes on the recto; disbound from three separate volumes and housed in individual sleeves within custom three-ring buckram binders, which also house the well-worn calf covers of the original bindings (not in Miller); the smaller, oblong octavo format (ca. 95 x 160 mm) printed with one promissory note on the recto, one note (Mordecai Lewis’s pledge of $100, 22 December 1797), with the red wax seal of witness Charles Caldwell; bound in three volumes, contemporary marbled boards, rebacked and recornered in brown calf (Miller 598). An extraordinary collection of primary material relating to the founding of the first hospital in the United States. As Franklin wrote in his Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital (see following lot), “About the End of the Year 1750, some Persons, who had frequent Opportunities of observing the Distress of such distemper'd Poor as from Time to Time came to Philadelphia, for the Advice and Assistance of the Physicians and Surgeons of that City, how difficult it was for them to procure suitable Lodgings, and other Conveniences proper for their respective Cases, and how expensive the Providing good and careful Nurses, and other Attendants, for want whereof, many must suffer greatly, and some probably perish, that might otherwise have been restored to Health and Comfort, … and considering moreover, that even the poor Inhabitants of this City, tho' they had Homes, yet were therein but badly accommodated in Sickness, … several of the Inhabitants of the Province … did charitably consult together, and confer with their Friends and Acquaintances, on the best Means of relieving the Distressed, under those Circumstances, and an Infirmary, or Hospital, … being proposed, was so generally approved, that there was Reason to expect a considerable Subscription from the Inhabitants of this City, towards the Support of such an Hospital, but the Expence of erecting a Building sufficiently large and commodious for the Purpose, it was thought would be too heavy, unless the Subscription could be made general through the Province, and some Assistance could be obtained from the Assembly. …” Franklin himself conceived the scheme of obtaining a £2,000 grant for the Hospital from the provincial Assembly, providing a like amount could be raised by private donation. The Assembly made a condition of the matching grant that subscribers sign a penal bond requiring them to pay twice the pledged amount should the subscription not be fulfilled by a certain date. Franklin and Hall printed the promissory notes (the early issues of which are not recorded in Miller’s Bibliography), and the £2,000 goal was easily met. The earliest promissory notes provide a virtual who's who of mid-eighteenth-century Philadelphia, while the later books record the continued support the Hospital received from the community. The contributors documented in what was the first subscription book represent many of the earliest and most essential subscribers to the Hospital, including Israel Pemberton, the “King of the Quakers” (promissory note “No. 1”) and his merchant son Israel Pemberton Jr. (£100 each); physicians William Shippen (£10), Thomas Cadwalader (£25), and John Redman (£10); merchant and statesman Isaac Norris (£100); Anthony Morris, brewer, merchant, and mayor of Philadelphia (£70); Thomas Say, father of the pioneering American naturalist (£10); Samuel Rhoads, colonial architect and mayor of Philadelphia (£10); Caspar Wistar, glassmaker and one of the first German colonists in Pennsylvania (£50); Quaker merchant Reese Meredith (£40), later expelled by the Quakers for funding the privateer Warren; shipper Charles Stedman (£40); and merchant Joseph Wharton (£50). In all, these initial subscriptions totalled more than the £2,000 necessary for the Assembly’s matching disbursement, including a £25 pledge from Franklin himself and £10 from his printing partner, David Hall. The pledge-notes are accompanied by a contemporary manuscript index of the early subscribers; several notes are witnessed by Timothy Matlack, who in mid-July 1776 would engross the text of the Declaration of Independence on vellum for the signatures of the delegates to the Continental Congress. In his Autobiography, Franklin credits his “particular friend” Dr. Thomas Bond with first conceiving the idea of establishing a hospital in Philadelphia, but he also observes that “I do not remember any of my political manoeuvres, the success of which gave me at the time more pleasure, or wherein, after thinking of it, I more easily excus'd myself for having made some use of cunning.” The founding of the Pennsylvania Hospital was one of Franklin's proudest and most important achievements. The present archive offers an unparalleled perspective on Franklin's role in the founding of this major American institution. PROVENANCE Sotheby’s, 16 June 1992, lot 170 (undesignated consignor)

View 1 of Lot 60: (Benjamin Franklin) | The founding—and funding—of the Pennsylvania Hospital

(benjamin franklin) | the founding—and funding—of the pennsylvania hospital

Benjamin Franklin Autograph document signed three times ("B. Franklin"), one page (158 x 198 mm) on a slip of laid paper, [Philadelphia, 1743], being a bill directed to "The Revd. Mr. Clapp … for Printing and Binding 500 of Dr. Mather's Soul-saving Gospel Truths"; cryptic contemporary note at lower margin, some minor fold separations. Matted. [Accompanied by:] Increase Mather. Soul-saving Gospel Truths; delivered in several Sermons, Wherein is shewed: I. The Unreasonableness of those Excuses which Men make for their Delaying to come to the Lord Jesus Christ for Salvation. II. That for Men to despair of the Forgiveness of their Sins because they have been Great, is a great Evil. III. That every Man in the World is going into Eternity. Philadelphia: Printed by B. Franklin, 1743 (colophon, G12r: Boston, Printed 1701. Philadelphia, Reprinted, 1744). Pot 12mo (126 x 72 mm). Type-ornament head- and tailpieces; scattered staining, lower fore-edge corners worn. Contemporary calf; worn, rebacked with loss to head of spine, recornered. [And accompanied by:] Thomas Clap, compiler. [A Catalogue of the Library of Yale-College in New-Haven. New London: Timothy Green, 1743.] 8vo in half-sheets (145 x 92 mm). Type ornament headpieces; title-page in facsimile; lightly stained. Later marbled wrappers. Half red morocco slipcase gilt, chemise. An intriguing triumvirate of articles illuminating Franklin’s early career as a highly successful job printer, not only of government forms and records, but also tracts and pamphlets of a theological nature. All of Franklin’s later endeavors were made possible by his initial success as a printer. In the document offered here, written entirely in Franklin’s hand, the printer bills Thomas Clap, the sixth rector of Yale College—and the first to be called by the title, “president,” for bringing a new edition of Increase Mather’s sermons off the press: “The Revd. Mr. Clapp [sic] to B. Franklin For Printing and Binding 500 of Dr. Mather’s Soul-saving Gospel Truths (per Agreemt.) £100..0..0 Rh. Island Money———B. Franklin.” Franklin then instructs Clap, “Please to pay the above to my Brother Peter Franklin, and his Receipt shall discharge you from Your obliged humb. Servt. B. Franklin.” Mather’s sermons had previously appeared in two Boston editions: the first sold, and presumably printed, by Eleazer Phillips, 1703 (ESTC W22326; Evans 1134), and the second printed by T. Green, for B. Eliot, in King-Street, 1712 (ESTC W19809; Evans 1569). (Despite Franklin’s colophon there was no 1701 printing of Soul-saving Gospel Truths). Franklin’s edition is essentially a page-by-page resetting of the 1703 edition and is very rare. No copies are recorded in Rare Book Hub since the Pennypacker sale in 1905, and ESTC seemingly locates only three complete copies. Often embroiled in the religious controversies of his day, Clap had an ardent interest in books. He not only commissioned this edition of Increase Mather, but he served as Yale’s de facto librarian, compiling the first catalogue of Yale’s library in 1743. This work is almost as uncommon in the market as Franklin’s edition of Mather’s sermons, although a number of institutions have copies. In the Reese catalogue Christie’s stated that “The last copy of this book recorded at auction was in the Brinley sale,” but in fact a fine copy, signed by several Yale students, was sold at Scott & O’Shaughnessy, 18 February 1916, lot 26. In his preface, or “Advertisement To the Students of Yale College,” Clap writes “I have here with considerable Labours and Pains, prepared a Catalogue of the Books in the Library under proper Heads that so you may Readily know and find any Book, upon any particular Subject.” He then explains his system of pressmarks: “The First Number signifies the Teer, the Second the Box; and the Third the Number of the Book. …” Clap also advises that the students peruse the approximately 2,600 books listed, “in some Measure according to the Order of this Catalogue. And in the First Year to Study principally the Tongues, Arithmetic and Algebra; the Second, Logic, Rhetoric and Geometry; the Third, Mathematics and Natural Philosophy; and the Fourth, Ethics and Divinity. … Above all have an Eye to the great End of all your Studies, which is to obtain the Clearest Conceptions of Divine Things and to lead you to a Saving Knowledge of God in his son Jesus Christ.” Increase Mather’s sermons, which Clap clearly believed was an essential text, is listed on page 36 of the catalogue under the ninth section, Sermons, of the fourth heading, Ethics and Divinity. These three items trace Soul-saving Gospel Truths from commission through production and, finally, to its readers. REFERENCES Document: Miller 328 note; Mather: Miller 328; ESTC W19810; Evans 5249; Hildeburn 836; Campbell 279; Holmes 127c; Sabin 46748; Clap: ESTC W37694; Evans 5320; Trumbull 1715; Sabin 105894 PROVENANCE Document: Clap family archive — Christie’s New York, 9 December 1994, lot 35 (undesignated consignor). Clap: William S. Reese (booklabel on chemise; Christie’s New York, 2 June 2022, lot 386)

View 1 of Lot 28: Benjamin Franklin | God and Man and Franklin and Mather at Yale

benjamin franklin | god and man and franklin and mather at yale

Benjamin Franklin Autograph letter signed ("BFranklin") to Dr. Edward Bancroft ("Dear Sir"), 2 pages (238 x 188 mm) on a single leaf of laid paper (unwatermarked), Philadelphia, 25 November 1786, discussing his plans for an autobiography and the future of the nascent United States; trace of album mount at left edge. Half green morocco folding-case, red morocco labels. An exceptional letter to Edward Bancroft—friend, physician, secretary to the American legation in Paris (and double-agent for England)—revealing the genesis of “the most widely read of all American autobiographies” (Grolier/American 21). Benjamin Franklin's autobiography has been said to “hold the essence of the American way of life,” and it was a text that Franklin long labored over. He completed the manuscript for the early years of his life (though 1731, when he was twenty-five) in 1771, but his many other interests and the American Revolution conspired to prevent him from taking the story further. A request from publisher Charles Dilly for a new uniform edition of Franklin's works, however, caused the polymath to consider again taking up his autobiography. Edward Bancroft had written to Franklin on 5 September 1786, reporting that Franklin’s “Philosophical Works are out of Print in this Country, and so is the Political Volume Published by Mr. B. Vaughan.” In light of this, Bancroft continued, “Mr. Dilly and one or two other Eminent Booksellers have therefore determined on Printing a new Elegant Edition of every thing of yours both Philosophical and Political which has yet appear’d or which can be procured in time; the Work being already in part sent to the Press. … To this Edition it is intended to fix an Account of the Author written by one of the Writers of the Biographia Brittanica, who I am told will accord with the Wishes of your Friends at least so far as the Writers Knowledge of Facts may enable him to be accurate and do you justice. … Having some reason to believe that among the Papers which you had left in America during the late War, as well as among those which you carried from Europe, there might be some that you would willingly see added to the intended Edition of your Works, I determined to give you this account of what was in Agitation and advised the Editors (particularly Mr. Dilly) to keep the impression unfinished until I could hear from you respecting it, which they have promised to do. If therefore you should have any thing to add to the materials before mentioned, I could wish that you or your Grandson, would take the trouble [of] sending it to me here, and if he should know and think proper to add any facts that might enable me to Correct or improve the Proposed Biographical part, I shall receive them with thanks and endeavour to make a becoming use of them.” Franklin quickly responded in the present letter, and while clearly flattered by the prospect of a new collected edition of his writings, he also expresses the desire that his earlier publishers be treated fairly. He further makes clear that the intended biographical notice of himself will almost certainly be unsatisfactory, but that he has been convinced by friends to write the story of his own life: “I received your kind Letter of Sept. 5. informing me of the Intention Mr. Dilly has of printing a new Edition of my Writings, and of his Desire that I would furnish him with such Additions as I may think proper. At present all my Papers and Manuscripts are so mixt with other things by the Confusions occasioned in sudden and various Removals during the late Troubles, that I can hardly find any thing. But having nearly finished an Addition to my House, which will afford me Room to put all in Order, I hope soon to be able to comply with such a Request; But I hope Mr. Dilly will have a good Understanding in the Affair, with Henry and Johnson, who having risqu’d the former Impressions may suppose they thereby acquir’d some Right in the Copy. As to the Life propos’d to be written, if it be by the same hand who furnish’d a Sketch to Dr. Lettsom, which he sent me, I am afraid it will be found too full of Errors for either you or me to correct: And having been persuaded by my Friends Messrs Benja Vaughan, M. Le Veillard, Mr. James of this Place, and some others, that such a Life written by my self may be useful to the rising Generation, I have made some Progress in it, and hope to finish it this Winter. So I cannot but wish that Project of Mr Dilly’s Biographer may be laid aside. I am nevertheless thankful to you for your Friendly Offer to correcting it.” Unfortunately, Franklin's projection of a completion date for his memoir was far too optimistic. His 1771 manuscript first appeared in Paris in 1791 in an unauthorized French translation that was wedded to a translation of Wilmer's Memoirs of Franklin for the period after 1731 (see lot 145). The English text first appeared in 1793, and although its author never formally completed it, Franklin's Autobiography has indeed been very useful to later generations. Franklin was very familiar with all of the publishers that he mentions here. David Henry and Joseph Johnson had both previously published volumes by Franklin (see lots 59, 120), and in 1787, Dilly did issue the new edition of Franklin's Philosophical and Miscellaneous Papers, which Franklin alludes to in this letter (see lot 137). (Dilly was later to publish the first edition of James Boswell's Life of Johnson.) After informing Franklin of “what was in Agitation” regarding the pending new edition of his works, Bancroft admitted “I have very little to say to you in the way of News.” Still, he alludes to the Eden Treaty, an anticipated commercial agreement between Britain and France, and observes that “There does not appear the smallest probability of any Commercial Treaty between this Country and the United States.” Franklin picks up this theme in the closing paragraph of his response, predicting a bright future for the youthful United States, despite some festering factionalist disputes, including the recently quelled Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts, and hinting at a coming federal constitution: “As to Public Affairs, it is long since I gave over all Expentations of a Commercial Treaty between us and Britain; and I think we can do as well or better without one than she can. Our Harvests are plenty, our Produce fetches a high Price in hard Money and there is in every Part of our Country incontestible Marks of public Felicity. We discover indeed some Errors in our general and particular Constitutions; which is no wonder they should have, the time in which they were formed being considered. But those we shall mend. The little Disorders you have heard of in some of the States, rais’d by a few wrong Heads are subsiding, and will probably soon be extinguis’d. My best Wishes and those of my Family attend you. We shall be happy to see you here when it suits you to visit us: being with sincere and great Esteem my dear Friend, Yours most affectionately. …” REFERENCES Franklin’s letter to Bancroft, as well as the Bancroft letter to which it is an answer, both remain unpublished, but they will be included in a forthcoming volume of The Papers of Benjamin Franklin; in the meantime, the texts, without editorial apparatus, are available at franklinpapers.org. PROVENANCE Christie’s New York, 28 November 1983, lot 311 (undesignated consignor) — James S. Copley (Sotheby’s New York, 13 December 2011, lot 259)

View 1 of Lot 136: Benjamin Franklin | “a Life written by my self may be useful to the rising Generation”

benjamin franklin | “a life written by my self may be useful to the rising generation”

(Benjamin Franklin & Samuel Rhoads) Some Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital; From its First Rise, to the Beginning of the Fifth Month, called May, 1754. Philadelphia: Printed by B. Franklin, and D. Hall, MDCCLIV (1754) [accompanied by:] Continuation of the Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital; from the First of May 1754, to the Fifth of May 1761. With an Alphabetical List of the Contributors, and of the Legacies which have been Bequeathed, for Promotion and Support thereof, from its First Rise to that Time. Philadelphia: Printed by B. Franklin, and D. Hall, MDCCLXI (1761) Together 2 volumes, pot 4to (245 x 185 mm; Continuation slightly smaller). Woodcut printer’s device (Miller no. 29) on title-page of Account, eleven lines of epigraphic scripture from Deuteronomy and Mark on title-page of Continuation; some light browning, Continuation a little chewed at lower margin. Contemporary stiff blue-gray boards; Account soiled and rebacked, Continuation creased on front cover and restored at spine. Half maroon morocco folding-case gilt, dual chemises. First edition of both parts, the Account a presentation copy, inscribed on the front wrapper by Franklin, “For Mr. John Kidd.” Kidd had earlier subscribed to another project headed by Franklin, the Freemasons Hall, and Franklin undoubtedly thought the gift of this book might result in a gift to the hospital; however, Kidd does not appear among the lists of contributors. (For another work inscribed by Franklin to Kidd, see lot 55.) Tipped to the front of the volume is a typed letter signed by Edwin Wolf 2d, 2 November 1976, Librarian of the Library Company of Philadelphia on Library Company letterhead stating “I examined the copy of Benjamin Franklin's Some Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, 1754, many years ago when it was in the possession of Mr. W. Logan Fox. I have it before me as I write. I was then and am now confident that the inscription on the front cover: ‘For Mr John Kidd,’ is in the autograph of Franklin. John Kidd was a merchant, a member of the American Philosophical Society and a subscriber to the first Dancing Assembly. In 1762, with William Bradford, he established the Philadelphia Insurance Office under the name of Kidd & Bradford. It seems likely that Franklin sent Kidd the pamphlet in hopes of getting a contribution for the hospital.” The Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in British North America, founded in 1751 by Benjamin Franklin and Dr. Thomas Bond; Franklin was the institution’s principal promoter, first secretary, and first chairman, as well as its historian. The Account, written by Franklin, and its Continuation, written by a committee of trustees directed by Samuel Rhoads, were both intended as fund-raising devices. “By 1754 the trustees felt they owed their supporters some accounting of their activities before seeking more contributions and asked [Franklin] to write this brief history which includes the texts of most of the founding documents,” as well as a list of contributors. Franklin “completed the manuscript on May 28, 1754, and by July 27, 1754, the 1500 copies ordered were off the press” (Miller). For Franklin’s own summary of the genesis of the Pennsylvania Hospital, see the preceding lot. REFERENCES Miller 587, 764; ESTC W3479, W30541; Evans 7197, 8972; Hildeburn 1363, 1722; Guerra a272, a324; Norman 831; Sabin 25558; Streeter sale 2:956 PROVENANCE W. Logan Fox (inserted letter) — Stuart Karu (Sotheby’s, 16 June 1992, lot 61) — Dr. John R. Hansell

View 1 of Lot 61: (Benjamin Franklin & Samuel Rhoads) | Presentation copy of Some Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital

(benjamin franklin & samuel rhoads) | presentation copy of some account of the pennsylvania hospital

Benjamin Franklin Two autograph Library Company membership documents signed (“BFranklin”; “BFranklin Secy”), the two written on the recto and verso of a single slip of laid paper (191 x 152 mm) cut from a larger sheet, Philadelphia, 11 January 1748/49 and 12 January 1748/49, red wax seal by one signatory’s mark, fold separations reinforced, a few small holes touching a few letters. Brown cloth portfolio. The earlier of the two documents, written and witnessed by Franklin on the recto, records that "In consideration of the Sum of Ten Pounds by me this Day received from Dr. Richard Farmer, [Esther Breintnal does] hereby assign to him the Share in the Philadelphia Library wch. belonged to my late husband Joseph Breintnal, witness my Hand & Seal." The document is initialed by the widow Breintnal, and is also witnessed by Thomas Shoemaker. Joseph Breintnal, a Quaker merchant of Philadelphia, was one of Franklin’s intimate friends, and member of the Junto, as well as Franklin’s predecessor as secretary of the Library Company. Breintnal made a brilliant series of nature leaves by inking them, placing them within a folded sheet of paper, and running them through Franklin's press. Breintnal committed suicide in March 1745/46 by drowning himself in the Delaware River, but the Library Company eventually granted a share in the institution to his widow, Esther, and at her death she bequeathed her husband's collection of nature printing to the Library Company. The succeeding document, written on the verso in Franklin's capacity as secretary of the Library Company, attests that "The Admission of Dr. Richard Farmer to be a Member of the Library Company of Philada.; is entered of Record pursuant to the Laws of the said Company, in Book A[,] Page 13." The physician’s surname was actually Farmar. An unusual dual document linking Franklin to the Library Company of Philadelphia, on which “Franklin spent more time and care … than any other civic project. He founded it, attended its meetings faithfully as a director from 1731 to 1757, acted as the librarian in 1733 and 1734, served as the secretary from 1746 to 1757, became its book agent in London from 1757 to 1762, served again as a director from 1762 to 1764 and again as its London book agent from 1765 to 1775. No other project involved so much of his time and energy for so long, and no project pleased him more to write about in the Autobiography (Lemay, Life 2:93). PROVENANCE Marshall B. Coyne (Sotheby’s New York, 5 June 2001, lot 87)

View 1 of Lot 51: Benjamin Franklin | An unusual double Library Company membership document

benjamin franklin | an unusual double library company membership document

Thomas Jefferson Printed broadside document signed (“Th: Jefferson”) as third President, on a full sheet of wove paper (258 x 404 mm; unwatermarked), accomplished in a clerical hand, Washington, 22 November 1804, being the appointment of William Bache as Surveyor of the Port of Philadelphia, countersigned by the Secretary of State (“James Madison”), embossed paper seal of the United States; some light, scattered fox spots, some fold separations with tiny losses at intersecting folds. [Accompanied by:] Catherine Wistar Bache, autograph letter signed (“your Sister C. Bache”) to Caspar Wistar (“My Dear Brother”), 2 pages (245 x 168 mm) on a bifolium of laid paper (watermarked JLG), integral leaf with autograph address panel (“Caspar Wistar M. D. | Philadelphia”) and reception docket; some soiling to address panel, seal tear and repair. [And by:] Contemporary clerical copy of a circular letter from Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin to William Bache, 1½ pages (251 x 198) on a bifolium of laid paper (watermarked dove and olive branch | Aimes & Co), “Treasury Department” [Washington,] 12 June 1804, docketed on verso of integral leaf “Copy Letter from the Secy of State to the Collector June 12. 1804.”; faintly browned, upper corners crumpled. The three items housed in a fitted blue cloth portfolio, front cover gilt-lettered. An intriguing small archive related to Dr. William Franklin Bache’s efforts to secure a government sinecure. Although Dr. Bache had a practice, he was experiencing poor health and some financial difficulties at the beginning of the new century. His wife, Catherine Wistar Bache, here writes to her brother, a prominent Philadelphia physician—and successor to Thomas Jefferson as president of the American Philosophical Society—to ask him to intercede with President Jefferson, mentioning, in passing, the pending Louisiana Purchase: “Two days ago I received letters from Doct. Bache … In which Doct. B. wishes me to have an application made to the President for him. He thought of my applying to Mrs. Randolph but Congress being now engaged on the Louisiana business I think the more Immediately an application is made the greater the probability of success, and I also believe that an application from a Philadela. friend particularly from Doct. Wistar will have more weight. William wishes to obtain the Land Office or Surveyor Generalship; the business of the hospital is extremely laborious without an adequate compensation from excessive fatigue. Doct. B. has again been attack'd with a bilious fever which confined him to his bed for a week. He has been in the habit of seeing from 30 to 40 patients daily and without any assistance even to put up medicine which renders it too fatiguing for any person to continue It long without a more liberal establishment. His exertions have been attended with great success, having lost but 7 out of 400 patients and 6 of those were drunkards. … If it is not disagreeable to you to write to the President on the subject it will be conferring on us a very weighty obligation. If you think this request improper don't hesitate to decline it. … From a conversation Dr. Bache had with Mr. Gallatin last winter there is great reason to believe the appointment may be obtained if applied for before the vacancy is filled.” Caspar Wistar honored his sister’s request, writing apologetically to President Jefferson scarcely two weeks later, 16 November 1803, “It has happened to me more than once, to feel great pain & regret while I was writing to you, on account of the trouble I occasioned you, & the liberty I was taking, in soliciting promotion &ca., for the persons in question. I assure you those sensations occur with unusual force on the present occasion, which is this—Dr. Bache has nearly concluded his tour [of] attendance on the Missisippi Boat[-men], for this year, & I should suppose with great success, as he has lost but [7] out of 400 Patients he has however been sick twice, & is so much discouraged, by the smallness of the Compensation, & the severity of the duty, that he has requested my Sister to solicit for him the place of Land-Officer, which he supposes to be vacant” (Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. McClure, 42:12–13). Jefferson endorsed Wistar’s letter “Bache Wm to be land officer N.O.,” and while that office did not come to him, another even more suitable did, as evidenced by the present presidential appointment: “To All Who Shall See These Presents, Greeting: Know Ye, That reposing special Trust and Confidence in the Integrity, Diligence and Discretion of William Bache, of Pennsylvania I have nominated, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, Do Appoint him Surveyor for the Port of Philadelphia and do authorize and empower him to execute and fulfil the Duties of that Office according to law; And to have and to hold the said Office, with all the Rights and Emoluments thereunto legally appertaining, unto him the said William Bache during the Pleasure of the President of the United States for the time being. In Testimony whereof, I have caused these Letters to be made Patent, and the Seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed.” Dr. Bache held this position until his death in 1820. The final component of this pocket archive is a clerical circular letter from Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin regarding the necessity of bonds for “Vessels being bound for Hispaniola.”

View 1 of Lot 151: Thomas Jefferson | An appointment for Franklin’s grandson

thomas jefferson | an appointment for franklin’s grandson

Benjamin Franklin Autograph letter signed (“BFranklin”) to Henry Home, Lord Kames (“Lord Kaims,” at foot of first page), 3 pages (320 x 197 mm) on a disjunct bifolium of laid paper (watermarked Pro Patria with Maid of Dort, countermarked crowned GR), London, 28 February 1768, on the venting of chimneys and the happiness derived from “small Conveniencies or Pleasures that occur every day,” with a six-line autograph postscript; a few tiny pinholes to top horizontal fold of second leaf. Accompanied by a neat clerical “Copy of part of a Letter from Dr. Franklin. To Sir Alexander Dick— London, January. 21. 1762” (superscription at head of first page), 3 ½ pages (302 x 183 mm) on a disjunct bifolium of laid paper (watermarked arms of the United Kingdom, countermarked crowned GR), docketed on final page “Copy Letter from Dr. Franklin about his Chimney Machines. 21 January 1762”; inner margins and some folds skillfully reinforced, final page lightly soiled. And with an address panel directed “To The Rt. Honble. Lord Kames Edinburgh,” with red wax seal largely intact; soiled and repaired. (This address panel perhaps covered the transcription of Franklin’s letter to Dick, since the Papers describes the present letter to Kames as bearing the autograph address and franking signature, “To The Right honble. Lord Kaims, at Edinburgh B Free Franklin”; this was perhaps retained by a member of the Family Trust at the time of the 1995 sale.) Half green morocco folding-case gilt, two chemises. One of Franklin’s first and most famous inventions was the Franklin stove, also called a “circulating stove” or “Pennsylvania fireplace.” Invented by Franklin in 1742, and significantly improved by David Rittenhouse, the Franklin stove was intended to produce more heat and less smoke than an ordinary open fireplace. The notoriety of the invention led Lord Kames to consult Franklin, in a letter of 18 February 1868, about an issue with his new house in Edinburgh: “I begin to perceive in my decline of life that happiness, comfort at least, depends more upon what a Philosopher would call slight conveniences than a young man in the ardour of his studies is apt to imagine. I have bought a house in this Town which luckily is absolutely free of smoke except what is commonly called neighbour smoke; that is the smoke issuing from one vent sometimes goes down a neighbouring vent and issues into the Room when there is no fire in it. I apply to you for a remedy as to an universal Smoke Doctor; and if I had a remedy, mine would be the most compleat house in Edinburgh” (Papers 15:50–51). Franklin here responds fully to his friend, apologizing for his laxity in writing and voicing his concurrence with Kames’s perception of “slight conveniences”: “I have long been of an Opinion similar to that you express, and think Happiness consists more in small Conveniencies or Pleasures that occur every day, than in great Pieces of good Fortune that happen but seldom to a Man in the Course of his Life. Thus I reckon it among my Felicities that I can set my own Razor and shave my self perfectly well, in which I have a daily Pleasure, and avoid the Uneasiness one is otherwise oblig’d sometimes to suffer from dull Razors, and the dirty Fingers or bad Breath of a slovenly Barber.” But Kames had consulted Franklin on a practical, not philosophical, matter, and the greater part of Franklin’s answer is devoted to a meticulously detailed commentary on the issue of “neighbor smoke,” its cause and its remedy. “I congratulate you on the Purchase of a new House so much to your Mind, and wish that you may long inhabit it with Comfort. The Inconvenience you mention of Neighbour Smoke coming down the Vents, is not owing to any bad Construction of the Vent down which it comes, and therefore not to be remedied by any Change of Form. It is merely the Effect of a Law of Nature, whereby whenever the outward Air is warmer than the Walls of the Vent, the Air included being by those Walls made colder, and of course denser and heavier, than an equal Column of the outward Air, descends into the Room, and in descending draws other Air into the Vent from above to supply its Place; which being in its Turn cooled and condensed by the cooler Walls of the Vent, descends also, and so a Current downwards is continued during the Continuance of such Difference in Temperament between the outward Air and the Walls of the Vent. When this Difference is destroy’d, by the outward Air growing cooler and the Walls growing warmer, the Current downward ceases; and when the outward Air becomes still colder than the Walls, the Current changes and moves from below upwards, the warmer Walls rarifying the Air they include, and thereby making it so much lighter than a Column of the outward Air of equal Height, that it is oblig’d to give way to the other’s superior Weight, and rise; is succeeded by colder Air, which, being warmed and rarified in its turn, rises also, and so the upward Current is continued. In Summer when Fires are not made in the Chimneys, the Current generally sets downward from nine or ten in the Morning during all the Heat of the Day till five or six in the Afternoon, then begins to hesitate, and afterwards to set upwards during the Night, continuing till about Nine in the Morning, then hesitating for some time before it again sets downwards for the Day. This is the general Course, with some occasional Variation of the Hours according to the Length of Days or Changes of Weather. Now, when the Air of any Vent is in this descending State, if the Smoke issuing from a neighbouring Vent happens to be carried over it by the Wind, part will be drawn in and brought down into the Room. The proper Remedy then is, to close the Opening of the Chimney in the Room, by a Board so fitted that little or no Air can pass, whereby the Currents above-mentioned will be prevented. This Board to remain during the Summer, and when Fires are not made in the Chimney. Those Chimneys that have Fires in them daily, are not subject to this Inconvenience, the Walls of their Vents being kept too warm to occasion any downward Current during the Hours between the going out of one Fire and the kindling of another. And indeed in Summer, those Vents that happen to go up close joined with the Kitchen Vent, are generally kept so warm by that, as to be free from the downward Current, and therefore free from what you call Neighbour Smoke.” Kames, in his letter, had also asked Franklin if he should adopt “your Philadelphia Grate, as it promises to save Coal, and to diffuse an equal heat through the Room,” but Franklin here advises that, under the circumstances, this is an unnecessary addition: “The Philadelphia Grate which you mention, is a very good Thing, if you could get one that is rightly made, and an ingenious Workman to fix it properly. Those generally made and used here are much hurt by fancied Improvements in their Construction, and I cannot recommend them. As Fuel with you is cheap and plenty, a Saving in that Article is scarce an Object. The Sliding Plates (of which I sent a Model to Sir Alexander Dick) are in my Opinion the most convenient for your purpose, as they keep a Room sufficiently warm, are simple Machines, easily fix’d, and their Management easily conceiv’d and understood by Servants.” Franklin described these sliding plates, based on his “more than 20 Years Experience of my own Contrivances and those of others, for the Warming of Rooms,” in a letter of 21 January 1762 to Sir Alexander Dick (Papers 10:13–16). A contemporary transcription of this letter to Dick accompanies the present missive to Kames, although its origins are uncertain. It is most likely that after receiving Franklin’s answers to his questions about chimneys, Lord Kames applied to his fellow Dunediner for the information. Franklin concludes by promising himself the happiness of accepting Kames’s invitation to be entertained at “one of the finest places [in Scotland] with an inchanting Winter Garden”; Franklin fulfilled this promise in 1771. In a postscript, he describes “a late Paper of mine, written to palliate a little the late offensive Behaviour of the Boston People relating to the use of the Manufactures of this Country.” This was “Causes of the American Discontents before 1768,” which was printed in The London Chronicle, 5–7 January 1768. “Henry Home, Lord Kames (1696–1782), Scottish judge, son of George Home, a country gentleman of Kames, Berwickshire, was indentured at the age of sixteen to an Edinburgh writer to the signet. He studied assiduously in his spare time and was admitted to the Scottish bar at twenty-eight. His published collection of legal decisions four years later brought him to professional attention; he prospered, and was appointed an ordinary lord of Session in 1752, whereupon he assumed the personal, non-hereditary title of Lord Kames. In 1763 he became one of the lords of the Justiciary Court, where he sat until a few days before his death. He had a wide variety of interests including the promotion of fisheries and manufacture and improvement in agriculture. He wrote voluminously on law, antiquities, ethics and natural religion, and criticism. His Introduction to the Art of Thinking (Edinburgh, 1761) and Sketches of the History of Man (1774) included versions of [Franklin’s] 'Parable against Persecution.' As a judge he was severe in criminal cases, but personally he was jovial and vivacious, with a ready, though coarse, humor” (note in Papers, ed. Labaree, 9:5). REFERENCES Papers of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Willcox, 15:60–62 PROVENANCE Deposited in the Scottish Record Office by a Family Trust of Kames’s Descendants — Sold by the Trust (Christie’s London, 29 June 1995, lot 512) — Bonhams New York, 11 June 2008, lot 2384 (undesignated consignor)

View 1 of Lot 103: Benjamin Franklin | The “universal Smoke Doctor”

benjamin franklin | the “universal smoke doctor”

Benjamin Franklin Political, Miscellaneous, and Philosophical Pieces... London: Printed for J. Johnson, no. 72, St. Paul's Church-Yard, MDCCLXXIX (1779) 8vo (212 x 122 mm). Engraved frontispiece portrait of Franklin, 3 engraved plates, one folding, one folding table of the reformed alphabet; lightly browned and foxed throughout, folding plate lightly offset and stained at folds, a few stray stains. Contemporary calf, covers with gilt fillets, spine with raised bands in six gilt-ruled compartments, red morocco label to second compartment gilt-lettered, edges speckled red; extremities rubbed, head of spine chipped. First edition of the only collection of Franklin's writings published during his lifetime with his consent. "The collection in this Volume includes all the Political pieces by Dr. Franklin which have by any means come into the Editor's possession," notes the editor, Franklin's friend and British politician Benjamin Vaughn, in the Addenda, "and such of his Miscellaneous and Philosophical pieces as are not elsewhere extant in print." Among the topics included in the collection are works on politics, the Stamp Act, spelling, weather phenomena, and lightning. REFERENCES ESTC T56601; Ford 342; Howes F-330; Sabin 25565 PROVENANCE Contemporary manuscript shelfmarks to upper pastedown

View 1 of Lot 120: Benjamin Franklin | The only collected edition of his writings published during his lifetime with his consent

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