The Jay T. Snider Collection of Benjamin Franklin

[John Wallis] Untitled map of the United States, one of the earliest cartographical depictions of the new nation created by the Treaty of Paris. The large surrounding cartouche with figures of Benjamin Franklin and George Washington. [London: John Wallis, March 1783] Engraved map (sheet: 217 x 290 mm; platemark: 178 x 208 mm). Unrecorded proof state, hand-colored; minor soiling and staining, a few very short edge tears; two corners creased. An unrecorded proof state of this highly decorative map published at the end of the Revolutionary War, commemorating the Treaty of Paris, and celebrating the newly formed United States of America. After the preliminary treaty of Paris was signed on 20 January, 1783, most mapmakers, like Carrington Bowles, Jean Lattré, and Sayer and Bennett, reworked old copperplates and re-engraved "The United States" into their cartouches. This map, on the other hand, is an entirely original engraving, officially published on 18 March 1783. The unusual composition gives far more space to the allegorical border than it does to the rather simple, oval map. That said, the map does delineate the basic borders of each state and gives city and place names. It also includes various other details like the location of French Louisiana, the Spanish Floridas, some major rivers and lakes, as well as a note locating the "Country of Mines" in present-day Missouri. The inset map is flanked by two of America's most important founding fathers—General George Washington, who fought and defeated the British, and diplomat Benjamin Franklin, who negotiated the Treaty of Paris and officially ended the Revolutionary War. Both are accompanied by allegorical figures. Washington is shown being led by Liberty, and Franklin is seen being advised by Wisdom and Justice. Above Washington, winged Fame, with a wreath of laurels in one hand, blows her trumpet to announce the new nation. The background near Franklin includes a pine tree and a pineapple, symbols of American resilience, wealth, and promise. While the publication of a map celebrating American independence in 1783 London may seem surprising, there had for decades been a significant group of Whigs among the British governing classes and their pundits who believed in liberalism and constitutionality. As such, Wallis could have expected this map to be commercially viable. There is a second state of the map dated 18 March 1783, and with the imprint of Wallis and the engravers Thomas Jones Woodman and Henry Mutlow. That state of the map is known in a single copy held at the British Museum (number 1865,0610.1143). Another variant of the map is sometimes found on patriotic transferware jugs (including one offered here at Sotheby's, "Fine Books and Manuscripts," 16 July 2021, lot 50). Wallis produced a second commemorative map of the United States, dated 3 April 1783, titled "The United States of America laid down from the best authorities, agreeable to the Peace of 1783" (Library of Congress, call number G3700 1783 .W3). The second revision's large size, greater detail, and wider availability, may help explain the rarity of the present map. Interestingly, the decorative cartouche on the April map matches the untitled map offered here almost identically, but the oval inset contains the map's title and is surmounted by a flag, the Stars and Stripes. This led British Museum catalogers to posit that the map offered here may have been cut from that larger plate. However, given the dates that Wallis engraved on his maps, as well as certain small inconsistencies in the engraved longitude lines and at the lower border, it is far more likely that Wallis inserted this smaller copperplate into the larger one and reworked it. REFERENCES Unrecorded, but other states and variants can be found in: Ashley Baynton-Williams, "Maps of the United States (1778–1800)," Mapforum.com, no. 1, maps 22 and 23; (https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1865-0610-1143); (https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/fine-books-and-manuscripts-2/american-revolution-a-rare-transferware-jug; https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3700.ct000080/?r=0.504,0.608,0.254,0.152,0)

View 1 of Lot 125: John Wallis | A map celebrating America's independence featuring Washington and Franklin, an unrecorded proof state

john wallis | a map celebrating america's independence featuring washington and franklin, an unrecorded proof state

Jean Lattré Carte des Etats-Unis de L’Amerique Suivant le Traité de Paix de 1783. Dédiée et Présentée A.S. Excellence Mr. Benjamin Franklin Ministre Plénipotentarie des Etats-Unis de l’Amérique pres la Cour de France, ancien Président de la Pensilvanie et de la Societé Philosophique de Philadelphie, &c, &c. Paris: Delamarche, 1784 Engraved map on a full sheet, hand-colored, flanked on both sides by panels of engraved text (sheets in total: 580 x 1070 mm; neatline: 545 x 765 mm); old folds, a few minor marginal chips, splits, and tears, mostly closed, professionally backed with Japanese tissue. The first French map of the United States, and the first map of the newly formed nation to be published after the ratification of the Treaty of Paris, celebrating the Franco-American alliance, and dedicated to Benjamin Franklin. The first issue, first state, of the map, exceedingly rare with the flanking text panels. Jean Lattré's map of the United States covers the area from Canada to Florida, and from the East Coast to the Mississippi River. The geography draws heavily on earlier maps of North America, primarily John Mitchell's landmark 1755 A Map of the British and French Dominions in North America, a suitable source given that map's role in the boundary negotiations during the Treaty of Paris. It is notable that the United States' borders on Lattré's map do not exactly follow the boundaries that were agreed upon in the treaty, despite being printed a month after the treaty's ratification in May 1784. Instead, the map's primary purpose was journalistic, being an account of the chronology and geography of recent events in the Revolutionary War, rather than a detailed representation of the United State's new post-treaty borders. Lattré was likely influenced by his contemporaries in London, mapmakers like Jeffreys, Faden, and Sayer and Bennett, who often included text in their maps that summarized recent events, or provided other types of information. . The engraved text on the side panels, titled the "Principaux Evenemens Militaires entre les Americains et les Anglois," is organized both chronologically and by state, beginning in April 1775 with Massachusetts and the Battles of Lexington and Concord, and ending in October 1781 in Virginia with The Battle of York. Nearly all of the place names mentioned in the text, even small battles such as Lynch's Creek in South Carolina, are marked on the map. Particular attention is paid to the French forces that took part in the War, highlighting the close alliance between the two nations. Lafayette is mentioned specifically four times, including an amusing anecdote about General Howe promising the ladies of Philadelphia that he would capture the young French officer and bring him to them for dinner. Lattré dedicated his map to Benjamin Franklin, the minister plenipotentiary for the United States, who had been in France since 1776 encouraging French participation in the War. Franklin was incredibly popular in Paris, welcomed everywhere from salon society to the the Académie des Sciences. The map's cartouche, depicting a ship's stern, includes Franklin's own self-conceived, pseudo-aristocratic seal, shown being hung by a sailor on the yardarm. Franklin's seal is accompanied by two others—the recently designed Federal Seal of the United States, and the seal of the Society of the Cincinnati. This is the earliest known depiction of the Society's seal in print. This map is the first issue, first state, with Lattré's imprint, before the addition of the table listing the thirteen states, and before the addition of Washington, D.C., in the map and Vermont in the table. This separately published map is exceptionally rare when found with the flanking text panels. Only four complete copies have been identified: at the Library of Congress, the Library of the Society of the Cincinnati, an example of the second state that appeared recently in the trade, and the present example. Additionally, an example that was owned by a New York dealer appeared on the market in the 1980s with only one panel, while an example at Colonial Williamsburg has incomplete text. REFERENCES Pritchard and Taliaferro, Degrees of Latitude 70; Mary Sponberg Pedley, "A Map for Benjamin Franklin" (Ann Arbor: 2010); https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/masterpieces-in-detail/first-french-map-of-the-united-states/

View 1 of Lot 128: Jean Lattré | The first French map of the newly formed United States of America, dedicated to Benjamin Franklin

jean lattré | the first french map of the newly formed united states of america, dedicated to benjamin franklin

Benjamin Franklin Remarques Sur la Navigation de Terre-Neuve à New-York afin d’éviter les Courrants et les bas-fonds au Sud de Nantuckett et du Banc de George. Paris: Le Rouge, circa 1782 Engraved map (sheet: 470 x 623 mm; platemark: 335 x 380 mm). Separately issued, large-paper copy, with full margins and deckle edges, a manuscript note on the verso: "Presented to the Congl. Library,/by Dr. Thos. Hewson Bache, Philadelphia"; minor dust-soiling, a miniscule ink stain, and few short tears along the edges, far from the printed surface, small pencil notation in lower right, a near pristine copy. Matted. A fine copy of Franklin's second chart of the Gulf Stream, printed in Paris by George-Louis Le Rouge, offered here with full margins and an inscription on the verso from Dr. Thomas Hewson Bache, Franklin's great-great grandson. The chart is both a scientific achievement and a diplomatic statement, asserting America's dominance over the Atlantic while suggesting a special relationship between the United States and her closest ally, France. Benjamin Franklin's chart of the Gulf Stream was first printed in 1768 by Mount and Page in London while Franklin was serving as Deputy Postmaster General. It is the first map to depict the Gulf Stream's flow. Franklin observed the Stream as early as 1726 while travelling to England, though he did not understand what he had seen. Later, he also noted that a sea voyage from London to Boston was quicker than one from Falmouth to New York, and a trip from America to England was shorter than either of these. In a letter to Anthony Todd dated 29 October 1769, he first claimed that this phenomenon was due to the "Gulph Stream" (Papers of Benjamin Franklin, 15:246–247). Franklin knew that a clearer understanding of the Stream would be a useful tool, especially for his postal system. In order to prove his hypothesis Franklin turned to his cousin Captain Timothy Folger, a mariner from Nantucket who was in London at the time. Folger claimed that Nantucket whalers had long followed and avoided the current, and that they would cruise along the Stream's edges while searching for whales. Folger provided Franklin with a chart of the Stream marked in red, as well as written instructions for navigating both in and around it, and for avoiding the dangerous shoals along its path. He also notes the speed of the Stream, and how it diminishes as the current flows away from America and widens. The map names both Franklin and Folger as its authors, a nearly unprecedented acknowledgement of a scientist and a mariner's close collaboration. The chart of the stream and Folger's navigational directions were engraved onto an existing plate—a four-sheet map of the Atlantic, now obsolete, that had originally appeared in the Atlas Maritimus Novus of 1702. Though copies of that map were distributed to mail-packet ship captains, there was little demand for them, and only three copies are now known to exist, all in institutions (Bibliothèque Nationale de France: 2 Copies; Library of Congress). Franklin's second chart, published around 1782, is an original engraving, unlike the previous example that recycled an old copperplate. It is smaller than the Mount and Page version, focusing only on the North American coastline rather than the whole of the Atlantic. It reprints Folger's instructions, but translated clumsily into French. It does not mention Captain Folger by name. Franklin had disowned his cousin long before — the captain was an English loyalist, like many Nantucketers, and he had illicitly traded with the British while under Franklin's protection. Franklin's hope for the Le Rouge map of the Gulf Stream was to increase and improve trade between France and the United States. As such, these maps were printed in limited numbers, intended for distribution among French ship captains. In 1783, Franklin gave a copy of Le Rouge's map to Michel Guillaume de Crèvecoeur, the director of U.S. affairs in the French Ministry of the Marine. Crèvecoeur had been charged with the creation of a packet-boat service between France and America. On that presentation copy, Franklin crossed out the poorly translated directions, rewrote them in the original English, and made a note about the water's temperature—a sign that Franklin had, in fact, conducted some of his own scientific research on the Gulf Stream. The temperature of the Gulf Stream's waters would be further studied by his grand-nephew, Jonathan Williams. Williams's book, Thermometrical Navigation (1793), would prove that mariners could measure the ocean's temperature to locate the Gulf Stream (see lot 150). Franklin would also produce a third edition of this map in 1786, published in an article in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (see lot 137 for a related, 1787 example). Dr. Thomas Hewson Bache (1826–1912), was a prominent Philadelphia physician, a Civil War surgeon, the son of Dr. Franklin Bache, and the great-great grandson of Benjamin Franklin. Dr. Bache inscribed this copy to the Library of Congress. The provenance suggests that this is likely one of the copies that Franklin had kept for himself. This is only the second copy of this map offered at auction in the last ten years, according to Rare Book Hub. REFERENCES Pritchard & Taliaferro, Degrees of Latitude, 62; Joyce E. Chaplin. The First Scientific American: Benjamin Franklin and the Pursuit of Genius, (2006) pp. 196–200, 289–292 PROVENANCE Dr. Thomas Hewson Bache (presumably by descent from Benjamin Franklin) — The Library of Congress (presentation inscription; later deaccessioned)

View 1 of Lot 124: Benjamin Franklin | A separately issued, large paper copy of the Le Rouge edition of Franklin's map of the Gulf Stream

benjamin franklin | a separately issued, large paper copy of the le rouge edition of franklin's map of the gulf stream

Lewis Evans Geographical, Historical, Political, Philosophical and Mechanical Essays. The First, Containing an Analysis of a General Map of the British Colonies in America [map not present]. Philadelphia: Printed by B. Franklin, and D. Hall, 1755 [With:] Geographical, Historical, Political, Philosophical and Mechanical Essays. Number II. Containing a Letter. Philadelphia: Printed [by B. Franklin and D. Hall] for the Author, 1756 2 volumes, folio (255 x 196 mm). A few contemporary notes regarding the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick in the margins in Part I, one-page ad for Evans's Map and the "Analysis" pamphlet at rear of Part II; infrequent pale spots, a few leaves very faintly toned, altogether a pair of bright examples. Uniform later half calf, marbled paper boards, gilt decorated spines with two red morocco labels; light rubbing, a few small spots of wear at corners and spine ends. Housed together in a custom green morocco backed slipcase with chemises. Two works by Lewis Evans, the second, revised edition of part I and the first edition of part II, printed to accompany his seminal A General Map of the Middle British Colonies in America. Evans's map, not offered here, is among the most important ever produced of the North American colonies, and was "the best cartographical delineation of the colonies available at its time" (Howes). The first pamphlet, printed by Franklin in 1755, was sold both with the map and separately. With unprecedented transparency, Evans explains that, "as different parts of the map are done with different proportion of exactness, justice to the public, requires my distinguishing the degree of credit every part deserves." For example, he tells us what exactly he surveyed himself and how he went about it. He credits Fry and Jefferson for Virginia and Walter Hoxton for the Chesapeake Bay. Evans also acknowledges surveys of Eastern Pennsylvania by Edward Scull, a journal describing Ohio by William Franklin, and "a very intelligent Indian called The Eagle, who had a good notion of distances, bearings and delineating" (p. 10). He goes on to discuss various American Indian tribes, the major American waterways, and ends with a plea for the King to establish a colony in the Ohio Valley, "the region that was at the center of the friction between England and France" (Pritchard and Taliaferro, p. 172). The second part, which is ascribed to Franklin's press by Miller, includes a detailed response to an anonymous attack that was published in the 5 January 1756 issue of the New-York Mercury. That letter, reprinted in full as a preface, accused Evans of endorsing French claims to the area north of Lake Ontario. The mapmaker's response includes new information about those French claims, and a discussion of the best ways to counter them. According to Pritchard and Taliaferro, "while Evans conceded that that the French had rights to certain territory in America, he was convinced that they had severely encroached upon England's holdings … effectively confining the English to their existing coastal settlements" (Ibid). The first part is a second revised edition, first issue, of the text. It is "virtually a page-for-page resetting of the first edition with sub-titles added" (Miller). While the first work is offered occasionally in various editions, issues, and with and without the map, the second part is justifiably scarce — just seven copies have been sold at auction since the Streeter sale in 1967, per Rare Book Hub. REFERENCES Miller 606, 633; ESTC W14361, W24172; Evans 7419, 7652; cf. Pritchard and Taliaferro, Degrees of Latitude 34 (Evans's map)

View 1 of Lot 72: Lewis Evans | Two works printed by Franklin to accompany Evans's seminal map of the North American Colonies

lewis evans | two works printed by franklin to accompany evans's seminal map of the north american colonies

Art & Design from The Collection of Barbara Gladstone

Art & Design from The Collection of Barbara Gladstone Robert Mapplethorpe 1946 - 1989 Calla Lily the photographer's copyright stamp, signed and dated 1988 in ink, and with title, date, edition 2/7 and [MAP] in ink (on the reverse) dye-transfer print, flush-mounted 22 ½ by 22 in. 57.2 by 55.9 cm. Executed in 1988, this print is number 2 from an edition of 7.

calla lily

Art & Design from The Collection of Barbara Gladstone Robert Mapplethorpe 1946 - 1989 Self Portrait signed, dated 80 and numbered 6/15 in ink (in the margin); the photographer's copyright stamp, signed and dated 1980 in ink, and with edition 6/15 and [MAP] 385 in ink (on the reverse) gelatin silver print, flush-mounted 13 ¾ by 13 ¾ in. 34.9 by 34.9 cm. Executed in 1980, this print is number 6 from an edition of 15.

self portrait

[New Jersey — Proprietors of the Eastern-Division]

[New Jersey — Proprietors of the Eastern-Division] A Bill in the Chancery of New-Jersey at the Suit of John Earl of Stair, and others, Proprietors of the Eastern-Division of New-Jersey; against Benjamin Bond, and some other Persons of Elizabeth-Town, distinguished by name of the Clinker Lot Right Men. With Three large Maps, done from Copper-Plates. To which is added; the Publications of the Council of Proprietors of East New-Jersey, and Mr. Nevill's Speeches to the General Assembly, concerning the Riots committed in New-Jersey, and the Pretences of the Rioters, and their Seducers. These Papers will give a better Light into the History and Constitution of New-Jersey, than any thing hitherto published, the mMatters whereof have been chiefly Collected from Records. New York: Published by Subscription: Printed by James Parker, in New-York, 1747; and a few copies are to be sold by him, and Benjamin Franklin, in Philadelphia Folio (349 x 216 mm). Text in two columns, three folded engraved maps with contemporary outline color, engraved and printed by James Turner in Boston after Lewis Evans of Philadelphia, the third map on two sheets joined; Moderately spotted and toned throughout, a darker stain affecting leaves U2–3, a small area of offsetting in the lower margin of leaf 2C2, the maps with a few very short tears at edges and some inky marginal fingerprint marks (apparently originating in James Turner's printshop), Map No. II with a tiny paper repair at bottom edge, trimmed along the platemark at right edge without touching the printing, Map No. III with small chips, splits, and tears, but professionally restored and laid-down on Japanese tissue. Contemporary marbled boards backed with modern calf; boards quite worn, hinges reinforced. Half blue morocco folding-case. First edition. The Bill in the Chancery of New-Jersey, printed by James Parker and published in partnership with Benjamin Franklin, deals with a lengthy legal dispute between the colony's proprietors and the Elizabethtown Associates over land titles and taxation. The controversy eventually led to a major local uprising, now sometimes seen as a regional precursor to the American Revolution. The problems that this bill sought to resolve began in 1664, when Charles II granted his brother James, the Duke of York, New Jersey as a reward for having overthrown the Dutch in New York. Soon after, his colonial governor, Colonel Richard Nicholls, allowed a group of English settlers to buy a tract of land just to the West of Staten Island from the Lenni Lenape people. Their deed was confirmed by Nicholls in June of 1664. The tract was then surveyed, a town laid out, and Elizabethtown was established. Meanwhile, back in England, James gave his colony to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. When their governor arrived, he demanded that the Elizabethtown settlers pay quitrents on the lands they had settled. The Elizabethtown Associates, as they came to be known, citing the lack of a provision for quitrents on their deed, refused to pay. "Thus began one of the most famous controversies in the early history of New Jersey. Over the years the numbers of disputants increased dramatically as more individuals began to own shares and fractions of shares of the proprietorship of New Jersey" (Felcone). The Associates continued to survey and sell their lands, while the proprietors repeatedly tried legal and civil suits against them. Over time, the dispute stretched into the third and fourth generations of Elizabethtown residents. The newer Associates, known as the Clinker Lot Right Men, even established a legal fund to help defend their titles. James Alexander, a surveyor and prominent attorney in New York and New Jersey, stepped in on behalf of the Proprietors to try and settle the dispute. In 1741, he suggested that the suit be settled in Chancery by English Bill, where one decree could settle all the individual suits simultaneously. Alexander prepared his bill (pp. 3–81), a legal argument "of great subtlety and complexity," and submitted it in April 1745 (Streeter). He then shifted his focus to having it printed and distributed. Lewis Evans, an associate of Franklin agreed to draw the maps, while James Turner, a Boston silversmith, would engrave and print them. The text sheets would be printed by Parker in New York. However, securing the funding took time. By April 1746, with a war of words ongoing in the New York press and the Clinker Lot Right Men riots at their peak (appendix, pp. 1–11), a second and third Bill were drafted to calm the situation (appendix, pp. 13–24, and pp. 25–39). The dispute between the Elizabethtown Associates and the proprietors would never, in fact, be fully resolved—it was still ongoing when the Revolutionary War broke outm making the claims of the proprietors moot. The three engraved maps are among the earliest American maps of the region. Per the imprint, the price of a bound copy with colored maps was 3 Pounds. According to Felcone, "it would appear that about 60 sets of the maps were 'colored.'" As such, this is a rare survival in the deluxe format of an important colonial text. The maps are: "Map I" shows the middle British colonies along the coastline from Boston Harbor to Cape Hatteras, the cartouche provides a key to place-names in English and Dutch, and a coloring guide. "Map II" is of New Jersey, centered on Essex County and Elizabethtown, also showing all of New York City, with "Part of Pensylvania" and "Part of New York" at the corners. "Map III" shows the disputed area in great detail, with a grid and individual properties marked and titled. The area is bordered with the Raritan River on the south, Hackinsack Bay and the shores of Staten Island to the east, the Cushetunk Hills at the west, and the North Mountains to the north. REFERENCES Miller 426; ESTC W2730; Evans 6021–6024; Felcone 197; Streeter sale II:918 PROVENANCE Bennington Gill (signature on title, dated 1855) — Fred Gerken (purchased from Roger A. Lyon, twentieth-century pencil inscription on front pastedown)

View 1 of Lot 41: New Jersey | A Bill in the Chancery of New-Jersey, with three of the earliest American maps of the region

new jersey | a bill in the chancery of new-jersey, with three of the earliest american maps of the region

Benjamin Franklin [Map of the Proposed Boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania]. Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin, 1733 Woodcut map (418 x 335 mm). Place names in letterpress, and a thin line of red hand-color following the boundary in the map; old folds, light soiling, a few minor chips and very short tears along the edges, some small remnants of old adhesive along the right edge, a thin strip of toning at the top edge, Japanese tissue on the verso reinforcing two folds, altogether a bright and attractive copy. Matted. The first American edition of Franklin's landmark map—the precursor to the Mason-Dixon Line, the first map ever printed in Philadelphia, and "the earliest known map to be printed in the English Colonies south of New York" (Wheat and Brun). Franklin's map shows the boundaries between Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland as they were initially agreed to in 1732 by the Penn family and Charles Calvert, Fifth Lord Baltimore. It represents a significant moment in this multigenerational land dispute. The map is after John Senex's earlier engraved map (London: 1732), and it was published in Franklin's Articles of Agreement Made and Concluded upon Between...The Lord Proprietary of Maryland, and … the Proprietarys of Pensilvania (Philadelphia, 1733). The dispute between Lord Baltimore and the Penns began in 1681, when issues with the boundaries separating their colonies were first discovered. The problems stemmed from inaccurate mapping, a lack of geographical knowledge, and vaguely written royal charters. In 1685, the king attempted to resolve the conflict by creating a north-south line that bisected the Delmarva peninsula and granted William Penn the Lower Three Counties, or Delaware. That decision, however, remained disputed by Lord Baltimore, making it difficult for the Penns to collect rents on their lands. The negotiations intensified in 1731. The Penns, in a weaker negotiating position due to lack of funds, agreed to use Lord Baltimore's map of the region and acceded to his demand that the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania be placed 15 miles south of Philadelphia, rather than 20 miles south. Once both parties agreed to the terms and Senex engraved a map of the new boundary, they began to plan for an official survey. However, Lord Baltimore soon realized that Cape Henlopen, an important marker on the map, was incorrectly placed twenty miles to the South. This cost him around a third of Delaware, so he tried to renege on his agreement, claiming that the Penns had defrauded him with his own map. In response to Baltimore's unsubstantiated claims, Thomas Penn "decided to have the Agreement printed so that anyone reading its articles could judge for himself how unreasonably Baltimore's commissioners were behaving. Taking his original copy to Benjamin Franklins shop, he ordered Franklin to print five hundred copies of it in pamphlet form, together with the map, which Franklin reproduced as a woodcut from the copperplate impression on Penn's parchment. Franklin turned out a fine job" (Wainwright, p.260). It is probable that Franklin himself cut the woodblock—a bill to "the proprietors" dated June 1733 includes "for cutting the mapp in wood £2" (Wheat and Brun, p. 102). Franklin is known to have taught himself some engraving, and produced small woodcuts of different types and plates for paper money. It would take a long, drawn-out court case and thirty-six more years for the boundary dispute to finally be laid to rest. The resolution was set forth in another map, engraved after detailed surveys by Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, and it was agreed to by both parties in 1768. It set the borders where they still stand today. REFERENCES Miller 63; Wheat and Brun 474; Streeter sale II:950; Nicholas Wainwright, “Tale of a Runaway Cape,” in The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, vol. 87, no. 3 (July 1963)

View 1 of Lot 9: Benjamin Franklin | Landmark map of the proposed boundary line between Maryland and Pennsylvania

benjamin franklin | landmark map of the proposed boundary line between maryland and pennsylvania

A very important <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of Greece and western Turkey, compiled by Salamanca from Nikolaos Sophianos's landmark eight-sheet map of Greece of 1540, the most geographically accurate map of the region yet produced.<ul><li>Francesco Salamanca (Italian).</li><li>Graeciae chorographia.</li><li>Rome: circa 1558.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> This is the earliest available version, as the original has been lost and a woodcut version published in Basel in 1544 and 1545 are known by single complete examples of each. Francesco Salamanca worked with his father Antonio Salamanca, who worked in partnership with Antonio Lafreri from 1553 until his death in 1562. Francesco continued to work with Lafreri until the following year. This map seems to have been retained by Lafreri as the second state was issued by his successor, Claudio Duchetti.

Italian Map of Greece | First State

A 17th century prospect of Lisbon.<ul><li>Gerard Jollain (French).</li><li>Lisbone.</li><li>Paris: circa 1650. </li><li>Colored.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A French prospect of Lisbon from the Tagus, with the landmarks named in the plate and the foreground filled with the merchant ships that gave the city its wealth. Underneath is a short description in Latin and French.

French Map Of Lisbon

A rare "carte à figures" map of France in fine original color.<ul><li>Pieter van den Keere (Dutch).</li><li>Amsterdam: Jan Jansson, c. 1630.</li><li>Borders containing 14 city prospects and eight costume vignettes.</li><li>Large title cartouche and a compass rose.</li></ul> The plate was engraved by Pieter van den Keere and first published as a separate issue map. However Jansson acquired the plate, re-engraved the figures and issued it in his 1630 "Appendix."

Dutch Altas Map of France

A Belgian <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of the Middle East by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/_gerard-de-jode-de-jodes-rare-cordiform-world-map-1578-8ddb" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Gerard De Jode</a>.<ul><li>Gerard De Jode (Dutch).</li><li>Secundae Partis Asiae typus..</li><li>Antwerp: Arnold Coninx for the widow and heirs of Gerard de Jode, 1593.</li><li>Hand color.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A very fine example of this rare 16th century map of south west Asia, covering mainly Arabia, southern Persia, and the west coast of India &amp; Maldives, and including Egypt &amp; the Nile. Although the map was engraved circa 1566-1570, publication of De Jode's atlas, the Speculum Orbis Terrarum, was held back until 1578 by Ortelius's patent. Some of the most famous names in cartography of this period appear on this map: De Jode was the great rival of Ortelius, with whom he had a long-running feud; Gastaldi, De Jode's source, is best known for his maps in 'Lafreri-type' atlases; and Lucas &amp; Jan van Doeticum, the engravers, are renowned for the flair of their work for Waghenaer, Linschoten and Ortelius. Neither edition of the Speculum atlas sold well, as Ortelius's Theatrum already dominated the market. This second edition was to be the last: after 1600 the plates were bought by Jan Baptiste Vrients, who also acquired the Ortelius rights, to ensure De Jode's maps were never printed again. Thus all editions of the De Jode maps are scarce.

Belgian Map of the Middle East

The first <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=maps&amp;pfilters.dateRange=upcoming" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of the Arabian Peninsula to use geological surveys, and the basis of all modern maps of Arabia, by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Glen+Francis+Brown&amp;pfilters.dateRange=upcoming" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Glen Francis Brown</a>.<ul><li>Glen Francis Brown (American).</li><li>[Arabian Peninsula prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ministry of Finance and National Economy, and the U.S. Department of State].</li><li>Washington D.C.: The Survey [U.S. Geological Survey], 1958.</li><li>First edition.</li><li>Large chromolithographed map.</li><li>Text in Arabic.</li><li>Backed in cloth.</li><li>Scale 1:2,000,000.&nbsp;</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>&nbsp;The first edition of the Arabic issue of this large-scale chromolithographed map of the Arabian Peninsula, the first to use geological surveys in its preparation and the map on which all modern maps of Arabia are based. Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Arabian-American Oil Company (Aramco), also capturing in detail the modern-day territories of Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. The map is the result of a decade-long collaboration between the United States Geological Survey (USGS), who had been approached by King ‘Abd al-’Aziz in 1944 for technical assistance in plotting the region’s natural resources, the Saudi government, and Aramco.&nbsp; Brown (1911-2001), who had expertise conducting groundwater surveys in Mississippi and Colorado, was selected to lead the project, arriving in ‘Saudi Arabia early in 1945... His report on the results of [the] investigation [into water supplies in the Al-Kharj desert] was very enthusiastically received by Saudi officials... [and he returned at the King’s request] to conduct reconnaissance geologic mapping, mineral evaluation, and water-resource studies in the western and central parts of the kingdom. The mapping was carried forward from 1950 to 1958 by [Brown] with USGS and Saudi associates and extended to the entire Arabian Peninsula in cooperation with the Arabian American Oil Company’ (Geological Society of America). The result was a comprehensive series of geological and geographic surveys, the first of their type in the Arabian Peninsular, which were published in both Arabic and English language issues. These maps, together with reports on the geology, mineral deposits, and available water resources, continue to provide the basis for major national resource exploration and development in the region.

Map of the Arabian Peninsula | First to use Geological Surveys, and the Basis of All Modern Maps of Arabia

A British <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of the Holy Land by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=philip+lea&amp;pfilters.dateRange=upcoming" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Philip Lea</a>.<ul><li>Philip Lea (English).</li><li>A Map of Canaan With the Adjacent Countries Very Usefull for the Understanding of the Old Testament. Sold by .P. Lea, at the Atlas and Hercules in Cheap-side, and in Westminster-hall.</li><li>&nbsp;London: 1692.</li><li>Original outline color.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A rare map of the Holy Land in Old Testament times, but extending to Rome, Alexandria, the Caspian Sea and Arabia, all extremely abridged. The route of the Exodus from Egypt is marked, and the cities of Sodom, Gomorah, Zeboim and Admiah are depicted in flames in the Dead Sea. This is an extremely rare map, not listed in the Laor Collection, probably published for a bible rather than an atlas. Philip Lea began business in 1683 and had premises in Westminster Hall between 1689 and 1695.

English Map of the Holy Land

A colored 18th century German town plan of Paris.<ul><li>Friedrich Bernhard Werner (German).</li><li>Augsburg: Heirs of Jeremias Wolf (ie. Probst), circa 1730.</li><li>Two sheets conjoined.</li><li>Text in French.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A large-scale panoramic view of Paris by Friedrich Bernhard Werner. With a 50-point key underneath identifying important sites and buildings.

German Map Of Paris

A wall <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of Iberia by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Nicolas+De+Fer&amp;pfilters.dateRange=upcoming" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Nicolas De Fer</a>, published soon after the accession of Philippe V to the throne of Spain in 1700.<ul><li>Nicolas De Fer (French).</li><li>Espagne Triomphante sous le Regne de Philippe V.</li><li>Bottom left is a plan of Madrid; bottom right is a view of the Escurial Palace.</li><li>Colored.</li><li>Four sheets conjoined.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> The accession of Philippe V to the throne of Spain gave the French reason to celebrate as Philippe was grandson of the French king Louis XIV (the 'Sun King'), meaning a closer connection between the two thrones. In the huge ornamental border are medallion portraits of Philippe and his wife, Marie Louise of Savoy, and 81 medallion portraits going back to the Visgoth king Athaulf (410-5). Not all of Europe was as happy as France to have Bourbon kings on the throne of both Spain and France, and soon the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14) broke out, with Charles of Austria being the rival claimant. During the war Spain lost both Gibraltar and Minorca to Britain.

French Map of Spain | Early Spanish Succession

A 17th century colored, paneled map of the Holy Land.<ul><li>Jan Jansson (Dutch).</li><li>Palestina sive Terrae Sanctae Descriptio.</li><li>Amsterdam: Jan Jansson van Waesberge, c.1677.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> An example of one of the most decorative maps of the Holy Land, based on Adrichom and orientated with north to the left, with 18 inset scenes from Genesis, Exodus &amp; Numbers, and a nineteenth depicting Jesus approaching Jerusalem on the donkey. This map did not appear in many atlases, supplanted by Henricus Hondius's less decorative but more contemporary map. As this example has no text it is likely to have been published in Georg Horn's atlas of the ancient world, issued by Jansson's son-in-law.

Dutch Map Of Palestine

An important <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of China by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sothebys.com%2Fen%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3DMartin+Waldseem%C3%BCller&amp;pfilters.dateRange=past" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Martin Waldseemüller</a>, the first 'modern' map of the region, which includes Tibet, Tartary and Japan.<ul><li>Martin Waldseemüller (German).</li><li>Ta. Superioris Indiae.</li><li>Lyons: Melchior and Gaspar Trechsel, 1535.</li><li>Hand colored woodcut.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> Although it was published in an edition of Ptolemy's Geographia, it was not a reduction of a map from the Waldseemuller edition of 1513, but a new one prepared for a new Chronica mundi being written by Waldseemüller. The title, as above, is on the reverse, with a descriptive text in Latin surrounded by woodcut columns. Waldseemüller expanded the Ptolemaic map of the Far East by adding information on Tartary and Japan gleaned from the accounts of Marco Polo. Japan is a large island called Zipangri, a name derived from the Chinese 'Land of the Rising Sun', which Polo learned about from the Chinese, long before the first recorded European visit to Japan. The landing of the Portuguese Alvarado in Okinawa was in 1542, seven years after this map was printed.

Ta. Superioris Indiae | The First Map of China Printed in Europe

A two-sheet map of Europe.<ul><li>Vincenzo Maria Coronelli (Italian).</li><li>Parte Occidentale dell'Europa...; Parte Orientale dell'Europa...</li><li>Venice: circa 1690.</li><li>Colored. </li><li>Two sheets conjoined.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A highly decorative map of Europe in two sheets, each with its own title cartouche. On this map Nova Zemblya still has an undecided coastline and the northern reaches of Siberia are marked as 'Piaggie non per anco conosciute'. Iceland is shown with erupting volcanos and the mythical island of Frisland is shown.

Italian Map Of Europe

A large and highly-detailed geological <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of Arabia, created for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources by Glen F. Brown of the U.S. Geological Survey.<ul><li>Glen Brown (American), for the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Petroleum.</li><li>Tectonic Map of the Arabian Peninsula.</li><li>Color printed map.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> The map highlights onshore oil fields, marked in pink with cross-hatching. Notably, the map lacks many political borders. While borders with Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait are shown, those with Qatar and the UAE are absent. The gulf on this map is named "Arabian Gulf." This tectonic map integrates the latest geological research of its time, incorporating data from geophysical surveys, deep exploratory drilling, and even Gemini and Apollo space photography. The color coding differentiates between 'Effusive Rocks' (shades of blue), 'Cenozoic or late Mesazoic Intrusive or Tectonically Emplaced Rocks', 'Precambrian and Cambrian Intrusive or Tectonically Emplaced Rocks' and 'Precambrian Rocks'.

Tectonic Map of Arabia Marking the 'Arabian Gulf'

The first map of the county of Cornwall, here published one and a half centuries after its original publication.<ul><li>Christopher Saxton (English).</li><li>Cornwall described by C. Saxton, corrected and many additions as the roads &amp; c. by P. Lea.</li><li>London: George Willdey, circa 1732.</li><li>Old color.</li></ul> Over the years, a number of changes had been made to the plate: the original title was replaced by the view of Launceston c. 1665; the arms of Elizabeth I were replaced by those of Charles I, then Charles II; the panel of armorials were added c. 1665 by an unknown publisher; Lea added his name and Ogilby's roads in 1689 and changed the title for the second time in 1694; and Willdey added his address c. 1732. Willdey seems to have been a jack-of-all-trades: his address reads "the Great Toy, Spectacle, China Ware, and Print Shop, the corner of Ludgate Street near St Paul's London." Still, this was not the end of the Saxton plates; they were issued again by Thomas Jefferys and Cluer Dicey into the 1770s.

Map of Cornwall

A beautiful double-hemisphere <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">world wall map</a>, with the title in French and Spanish, with the Western Hemisphere held aloft by Atlas, the Eastern by Hercules.<ul><li>Jean Baptiste Louis Clouet (French, 1730-1790).</li><li>Paris &amp; Cadiz: Louis Joseph Mondhare, 1788.</li><li>Carte General de la Terre ou Mappe Monde Avec Les Quatre Principeaux Sistemes.</li><li>The borders, 175mm wide at the sides and 160mm at the bottom, contain twenty vignette scenes from the Old Testament, all in full color, with short texts in French and Spanish. </li><li>Around the map are nine astronomical diagrams.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> The cartography includes a measure of fallacy and anomaly: in North America the 'Mer de l'Ouest is shown, as is the North West Passage of de Fonte; and despite Hawaii being marked as the place of Captain Cook's death (erroneously dated '17 Fevr. 1778' instead of 14th Feb 1779), the map has not been corrected to show the discoveries made by Cook in the decade before his death. Thus New Zealand is a partial outline, although circumnavigated in 1770-1 and Australia is still connected to Tasmania and Espirito Santo. Surviving copies of this example are rare.

French and Spanish Double-Hemisphere World Map

A detailed map of Central London, based on the Ordnance Survey, overprinted with the routes of the Underground lines.<ul><li>George Washington Bacon (English).</li><li>London Transport Underground. Map of London.</li><li>London: Roadway Publications, 1934. </li><li>Color-printed map.</li></ul>

Quad-Royal poster map with Central London's Underground

An 18th century view of Valletta by <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/search?query=Alberto+Pulilcino&amp;pfilters.dateRange=past" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Alberto Pullicino</a>.<ul><li>Alberto Pullicino (1719-59).</li><li>Isola di Malta. Veduta della Città Valletta presa dal Palazzo Bichi. 6.</li><li>Florence: Giovanni Moro, circa 1770.</li><li>Etching with original hand color, with printed title label. </li><li>Watermarked 'Pescia al Masso.'</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A view of Valletta from the sea, with galleys flying the Maltese flag. Although unsigned, this view is attributed to Maltese painter Alberto Pullicino (1719-59), the last plate of a series of views of Malta.

Italian Map of a View of Valletta

The famous fantasy map of Asia as Pegasus.<ul><li>Heinrich Bünting (German).</li><li>Asia Secunda pars Terrae in Forma Pegasir.</li><li>Hanover: 1581. </li><li>Woodcut. </li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A fantasy map depicting Asia as Pegasus, the winged horse of Perseus. The head is Turkey and Armenia, the wings Scythia and Tartary, forelegs Arabia, hind legs India and the Malay Peninsula. &nbsp;This strange map appears in Bünting's Itinerarium, in which the author, a theologian, rewrote the Bible as a travel book, with other fantasy maps including the World as a cloverleaf and Europe as the Virgin Mary. Although the title and text under the map are in Latin, the text on verso is German.

German Map Of Asia As Pegasus

An early 17th century town plan of Venice.<ul><li>Giovanni Antonio De Paoli (Italian).</li><li>Venetia.</li><li>Rome: de Paoli, circa 1620.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A map of Venice presented as a bird's-eye view, with the buildings shown in perspective and the lagoon filled with galleys and galleons. Underneath are the key, inset views of Piazza de San Marco and the Rialto Bridge, and a scene of a procession of the Doge, pilgrims returning from the Holy Land and important women of Venice.

Italian Map Of Venice

Mid-18th century wall map of the British Isles.<ul><li>Louis Charles Desnos (French).</li><li>Les Isles Britanniques, où sont les Royaumes d'Angleterre et d'Ëcosse, que nous appellons Grande-Bretagne et celey d'Irlande.</li><li>Paris: 1766.</li><li>Colored.</li><li>Four sheets conjoined.</li><li>Paper laid on linen.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> A large and colorful map of the British Isles, marking the major roads, with insets of the Shetlands and Orkneys and a large title cartouche.

French Map Of The British Isles

A Belgian <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/books-&amp;-manuscripts/book?Book%20Subject=Maps%2520and%2520Atlases" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of the Pacific.<ul><li>Abraham Oretlius (Belgian)</li><li>Maris Pacifici, from Theatre de l’Univers.</li><li>Antwerp: Christopher Plantin for the author, 1598.</li><li>Double-page copper engraved map, with later hand-coloring.</li><li>Enriched with decorative cartouches and ships.</li><li>French text to verso.</li><li>This work is presented mounted and unframed.</li></ul>&nbsp;Well-preserved example of Ortelius’ map of the Pacific, taken from the fifth, final, and most complete French edition of Theatre de l’Univers.

Belgian Map Of The Pacific

A 'Double Crown' poster map of the Tube by Beck.<ul><li>Henry C. Beck (English).</li><li>London: Waterlow &amp; Sons, 1935.</li><li>Color lithographic map.</li><li>Laid on canvas.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul>

London Transport Map

Scarce Dutch double-hemisphere colored world map.<ul><li>Gerard and Leonard Valk (Dutch).</li><li>Amsterdam: Gerard Valk, c. 1720.</li><li>The decorative borders have allegorical scenes representing the Four Seasons with polar projections in the cusps.</li></ul> An uncommon world map drawn by Gerard Valk (1652-1726) and his son Leonard (1675-1746). In the Western hemisphere, California is an island; a northwest passage is suggested by a "Mer Glaciale" leading from Hudson Bay towards the Strait of Anian; a "Terra Incognita" fills the North Pacific; and the partial coastline of New Zealand appears, based on the mapping of Abel Tasman in 1642. In the Eastern hemisphere the semi-mythical "Eso" (Hokkaido) is connected to mainland Asia, with a separate "Compagnies Land" adjacent; Australia is depicted without an east coast, with the suggestion that Cape York is connected to New Guinea and Tasmania is shown as a distant island.

Dutch Double-Hemisphere World Map

An important <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/luxury/maps-&amp;-botanicals?locale=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">map</a> of the Holy Land, engraved for Moses Wesel's Haggadah.<ul><li>Abraham bar Jacob (German).</li><li>Amsterdam: circa 1712.</li><li>This work is presented unframed.</li></ul> The earliest available printed map of the region in Hebrew; the only complete example of the earliest, the 1621 map of Yaaqov ben Abraham Zaddiq, is in the Bibliothèque National in Paris. The map was drawn by Abraham bar Jacob, or Abraham bar Yaaqov, (c.1669-1730), a German pastor from the Rhineland who converted to Judaism and moved to Amsterdam, becoming an engraver. He has based his map on that of Christian Van Adrichom but has removed any reference to Christianity. The land is divided into the Twelve Tribes, with the names of villages mentioned in the Bible. The Exodus is marked, with a list of the 41 camps in the strapwork cartouche, with the unusual feature of presenting the journey 'not as leaving but returning.' Among the vignettes under the map are the ships of Solomon dragging rafts of cedar for the building of the Temple, and Jonah being thrown overboard and his deliverance. The eagle represents the verse in Exodus in which describes bearing the Israelites from Egypt on eagles' wings.The woman riding a crocodile is an allegorical representation of Egypt. Because the map was published in a Haggadah, for use at the Seder Table, it is usually found with some damage. It was first published circa 1695 but continued to be printed until at least 1781.

Map of the Holy Land in Hebrew

A very fine example of one of the most famous maps of the Americas, a "carte-a-figures" with 10 costume vignettes down the sides and nine city prospects along the top.<ul><li>Willem Janszoon Blaeu (Dutch).</li><li>Amsterdam: Johannes Blaeu,&nbsp;c. 1650.</li><li>Latin text edition.</li><li>Original color.</li></ul> This map was originally published separately in 1617, with an extremely rare first state that did not show Cape Horn. Within a year, Jacob le Maire returned from his trip around the Cape and his new information was added to the plate. A second change was implemented in 1621 when Willem Janszoon added the "Blaeu" to his name to distance himself from his arch rival Jan Janszoon, so his new name was added under the title. Two more states, both just minor embellishments, appeared in the 1640s, before the plate was destroyed in the fire at the Blaeu printing works in 1672. Johannes Blaeu seems to have continued using this dated plate out of respect for his father. It still depicts California in a peninsular form when Blaeu's globes showed an island; the mythical island of Frisland appears on the map and in the inset of Greenland; and Sir Walter Raleigh's "El Dorado" appears in South America.

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