An illuminated Qur'an bifolium in muhaqqaq-tawqi script on paper, Persia or Central Asia, Ghaznavid, dated Rajab 579 AH/October-November 1183 AD
text: Qur'an, surah al-baqarah (II), middle of verse 250 to end of verse 252
Arabic manuscript on paper, 5 lines to the page written in muhaqqaq-tawqi script in black ink outlined in gold in clouds reserved against an illuminated ground of scrolls, verses separated by gold illuminated roundels, the left page illuminated in gold and polychrome framing text written in naskh script in gold
33.5 by 51cm.
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Details
text: Qur'an, surah al-baqarah (II), middle of verse 250 to end of verse 252
Arabic manuscript on paper, 5 lines to the page written in muhaqqaq-tawqi script in black ink outlined in gold in clouds reserved against an illuminated ground of scrolls, verses separated by gold illuminated roundels, the left page illuminated in gold and polychrome framing text written in naskh script in gold
33.5 by 51cm.
Catalogue Note
The surviving manuscripts situated within the Ghaznavid period are primarily written in eastern ‘Kufic’ or relatively early forms of the rounded scrips, as shown in the present bifolium. The hand shows features that can related to what would become thuluth, muhaqqaq and tawqi’ reflecting a period in which calligraphers were grappling with transforming cursive into a script suitable for luxury Qur’an manuscripts.