Lot 20
  • 20

TÊTE EN TERRE CUITECULTURE VERACRUZ, RÉGION DE PUEBLA700- 1 200 AP. J.-C. |

Estimate
80,000 - 120,000 EUR
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Description

  • larg. 28,5 cm ; 11 1/4 in

Provenance

Collection Jay C. Leff (1925-2000), Uniontown, Pennsylvanie
Sotheby Parke Bernet, New York, 11 octobre 1975, n° 430
Collection privée, New York
Sotheby's, New York, 15 mai 2009, n° 128
Importante Collection privée française

Exhibited

New York, Brooklyn Museum, Ancient Art of Latin AmericaFrom the Collection of Jay C. Leff, 22 novembre 1966 - 5 Mars 1967
Allentown, Allentown Art Museum, Pre-Columbian Art from Mesoamerica from the Collection of Jay C. Leff, 13 février - 2 avril 1972  
Huntington, Huntington Galleries, Ancient Art from Middle America, Selections from the Jay C. Leff Collection, 17 février - 9 juin 1974 

Literature

Easby (E. K.), Ancient Art of Latin America, From the Collection of Jay C. Leff, 1966, p. 93, n° 416
Kan, (M.), Pre-Columbian Art from Mesoamerica from the Collection of Jay C. Leff, 1972, n° 56
Linduff, Ancient Art from Middle America, Selections from the Jay C. Leff Collection, 1974, p. 57, n° 78

Condition

Good condition overall. Losses of material at the reverse of the mask and on the top front part. Broken and some restorations of the proper left aged ,wrinkled face seen on the interior. Good preservation of the pigments.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

Catalogue Note

L'un des thèmes les plus répandus et importants de l'ancienne Mésoamérique est le continuum du cycle de la vie, autrement dit l'interdépendance de la vie et de la mort, et la force de cette dualité. Le concept de la perpétuelle transformation de l’identité comme constante de l'existence est traduit avec éloquence et brio dans cette tête aux multiples visages. D’une grande rareté, elle constitue l’une des deux seules sculptures de cette forme précise. Selon toute vraisemblance, elle était un élément constitutif d'un grand encensoir semblable aux urnes funéraires d'Oaxaca, dans la région de Monte Albán. Au centre, le visage juvénile est recouvert par le masque d'une figure plus âgée et ridée, à son tour enveloppée par le celui d'un défunt dont les paupières sont closes. La face extérieure est peinte de stries verticales et le sommet couronné d’une crête de plumes.

Le dispositif des masques en pans superposés fait écho à l'iconographie d'autres époques et régions : les visages dichotomiques (mi-squelettiques, mi-charnus) de Tlatilco et du Mexique préclassique moyen, les visages scindés entre la vie et la mort - en terre-cuite ou en pierre - d'Oaxaca et de Veracruz, ou encore les masques de style dit « X-ray », du site maya d'Ica.

Ce chef-d’œuvre a appartenu à Jay C. Leff, l'un des plus grands collectionneurs américains d'art précolombien. La collection de Leff - dont cette tête - a fait l’objet de nombreuses expositions et d’une littérature foisonnante. Easby (1966) cite une tête étroitement apparentée, publiée en 1962 par Rubin de la Borbolla (voir illustration ci-dessous), aujourd'hui conservée au Museo Nacional de Mexico (inv. n° 08-741814). Moctezuma et Olguin, Aztecs, p. 431, n°130, indiquent sa possible provenance de la région de Teotihuacan.  Pour des urnes d’Oaxaca de concept similaire, voir Paddock, Ancient Oaxaca, 1970, p. 124, fig. 80; voir aussi fig. 228 et 250.

 

One of the most prevalent and important themes throughout ancient Mesoamerica is the fluidity of the life cycle, the interplay of death and rebirth and the strength of this duality. The concept of a constantly transforming and aging self that is present at any given moment, is vividly and eloquently conveyed. This rare sculpture is one of only two examples known of this exact form. It was likely part of a tall brazier, similar to the Oaxaca urns of the Monte Albán region. 

The central youthful face is covered by the mask of a wrinkled and aged figure, which in turn is covered by a mask of a deceased shown by the rounded and closed lids. Painted vertical stripes adorn the outer face, and the head is crowned by an upright plumed crest. 

The cutaway mask device was also depicted in other eras and regions. One sees the "shared face" figurines from Tlatilco and Preclassic Central Mexico:  the split life/death faces on pottery and stone in Oaxaca and Veracruz; and the X-ray style masks on figures of the Ik site Maya pottery.

This head belonged to Jay C. Leff, one of the important early American collectors of Pre-Columbian art. Leff's collection, including this masterpiece, was widely exhibited and published. Easby (1966) cites a very similar head published in 1962 by Rubin de la Borbolla as illustrated below, and now in the Museo Nacional de Mexico (inv. n° 08-741814),  see Moctezuma and Olguin, Aztecs, p. 431, cat. no. 130,  noting it is possibly from the Teotihuacan region.  For the urns of similar concept from Oaxaca, see Paddock, Ancient Oaxaca, 1970, p. 124, fig. 80, also see figs. 228 and 250.