DARWIN, CHARLES. ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES....LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, 1859. FIRST EDITION, ERNST MAYR'S COPY

8vo (7 ¾ x 5 ¼ ins.; 198 x 125 mm). Publisher's catalogue at rear dated June 1859,  half-title verso with quotations from "W. Whewell" and Bacon, and "species" on p. 20., folding lithographic diagram by William West after Darwin; minor repair to title-page, two closed tears repaired, lacking a gathering of ads (pp. 7-16), scant foxing. Original publisher's green cloth, bound by Edmonds and Remnants with their ticket on the lower pastedown, covers and spine decoratively stamped in blind, spine gilt, brown coated endpapers; recased, recornered, some expert restoration to spine, rubbing to endpapers.

Ernst Mayr (bookplate to front pastedown)

Dibner, Heralds of Science 199; Heirs of Hippocrates 1724; Freeman 373; Garrison-Morton (1991) 220; Grolier, Science 23b; Norman 593; PMM 344b

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FIRST EDITION, ERNST MAYR'S COPY OF "THE MOST IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL BOOK EVER WRITTEN" (Freeman), and "one of the most important books ever published" (Garrison-Morton). Of the first edition of 1,250 copies, 58 were distributed by Murray for review, promotion, and presentation, and Darwin reported that the balance was sold out on the first day of publication. Ernst Mayr, to whom this copy belonged, was a German-born American evolutionary biologist. A leader in this field, Mayr was also a celebrated taxonomist, ornithologist, philosopher of biology, explorer, and historian of science. Indeed, he was often referred to as the “Darwin of the 20th century.”

In his introduction to Harvard University’s Facsimile Edition of On the Origin of Species (1964), Mayr wrote: "The publication of the Origin of Species ushered in a new era in our thinking about the nature of man. The intellectual revolution it caused and the impact it had on man's concept of himself and the world were greater than those caused by the works of Copernicus, Newton, and the great physicists of more recent times ... Every modern discussion of man's future…and man's place in nature rests on Darwin." interestingly—or ironically, perhaps—one of the unanswered questions in On the Origin of Species, was, in fact, how and why do species originate? In terms of resolving this, most of the credit belongs to Mayr. His first book, Systematics and the Origin of Species (1942), completed what Darwin had begun, explaining all of evolution, including why genes evolve at the molecular level. Mayr then further refined his ideas on evolution in his Animal Species and Evolution (1963)—a prolific work that dominated many branches of systematics and evolutionary biology. In fact, Mayr’s biological species concept is still widely regarded as the most practical.

Mayr was the recipient of the National Medal of Science, the Balzan Prize, the Linnean Society of London's Darwin-Wallace Medal, and the Crafoord Prize, just to name a few. Mayr never won a Nobel Prize, but he was quick to note that there is no prize for evolutionary biology (in fact, there is no Nobel Prize for biology), and as this is the case, Darwin would not have received one, either.

A REMARKABLE AND IMPORTANT ASSOCIATION COPY.