- 264
coffret à bijoux en acier damasquiné, France ou Italie, probablement XVIe siècle
Description
- coffret à bijoux en acier damasquiné, France ou Italie, probablement XVIe siècle
- damascened, silver-gilt, oxidized metal
- 13 cm x 8.5 cm; 5in x 3 1/2 in
Condition
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."
Catalogue Note
Les dauphins qui forment l'initiale C du propriétaire sur ce coffret étaient des éléments de décoration récurrents au XVIe siècle, précisément avec des bijoux qu'ils retiennent dans leur gueule comme dans le cas présent. Ils devinrent probablement à la mode au temps des grands voyages aux XVe et XVIe siècle et leurs associations avec des bijoux vient probablement du commerce de diamants émergeant à ce moment-là entre l'Inde et l’Europe4. Les pierres sont représentées sur ce coffret selon les différentes tailles possibles à l'époque et serties dans une imposante monture, comme il en était l'usage dans les arts décoratifs5.
1. Marina Belozerskay, Luxury Arts of the Renaissance, Londres, 2005, p.p. 179-181.
2. Claude Blair, ` A Royal Swordsmith and Damascener Diego de Çaias’, Metropolitan museum journal, vol. 3, (1970).
3. Voir: un modèle aux armes de Louis le Vallois D’Escoville, administrateur de la ville de Caen et secrétaire du roi de France, vendu chez Sotheby's Paris, 25 Novembre 2010, lot 356; le coffret de mariage de Cosimo de Medici et Eléonore de Tolède (Louvre OA 7779); un autre modèle provenant de la collection Rothschild (Waddesdon manor) au British museum, et attribué à Diego de Çaias par Claude Blair (ibid). Voir également Sotheby's Londres, European Sculpture and Works of Art, Medieval to Modern, 6 December 2011, lot 68 et Ewald Berger, Prunk-Kassetten, 1998, p. 212, et p. 211 pour un modèle en fer de Nuremberg avec une clé similaire. Tous ces modèles ont un décor doré inspiré de motifs islamiques, que à rapprocher de deux gravures datées de 1530, voir R. Berliner, Ornamentale Vorlage - Blätter, vol I, pls. 82, 86.
4. Joan Evans, PATTERN a study of ornament in Western Europe, New York, 1976, reprint of the 1931 edition, vol. I, pp. 176-179.
5. Voir par exemple une enluminure de 1483 dans le livre de Alain Gruber, L’Art décoratifs en Europe…, Paris, 1993, p. 376 et une coupe en vermeil vendue chez Sotheby's Paris, Importante Orfèvrerie Européenne…, December 1, 2011, Lot 305.
**
The dark colour of this casket results from covering the surface in lamp black and oil. The oil was then burnt off leaving a permanent colour to the metal. Acid etching along a template of grid lines (still visible) created lower areas which were then gilded to create the pattern which covers most of the surface. The ends, straps, handle and hinges were engraved and then inlaid with silver. These damascening techniques were particularly used in the decoration of armour and their greatest exponents where highly prized individuals. Francesco Negroli for example was appointed court gilder and goldsmith to the emperor Charles V, Benvenuto Cellini describes the process (which he naturally improved)1 and Diego de Çaias was recruited by the courts of England and France 2. The same artists, materials and decorative techniques for armour, were used in the 16th century for little strong boxes such as this jewel casket. In terms of construction it can be compared with a number of well documented 16th century pieces3 , with which it shares some or all of its following distinctive features: U-shaped brackets holding the hinge mounts of body and cover; flattened tapering pins through eyelets to secure the front panel to the lock void; visible hammer marks on the interior; half circular end panels, hammer-flattened pins holding the straps and end panels to the body; dove-tail joints at the join of upper part of the cover to side of the cover.
Dolphins which form the owner’s initial C were popular as ornament in the 16th century and were used in conjunction with jewels, holding them in their mouths as they do here. They probably gained popularity at the time of the great ocean voyages of the 15th and 16th century and may have become associated with jewel stones as so much of the diamond trade, was brought to Europe by sea from India4. On this casket, the representation of the jewels show them to have been cut in different ways. The stylization used to distinguish them and the equal importance given to the `stone's' mounting can be found in other media of the period5.
1. Marina Belozerskay, Luxury Arts of the Renaissance, London, 2005, p.p. 179-181
2. Claude Blair in ` A Royal Swordsmith and Damascener Diego de Çaias’, Metropolitan museum journal, vol. 3, (1970)
3. These are: a particularly fine example with the arms of Louis le Vallois D’Escoville, administrator of Caen and secretary to the King of France, sold Sothebys, Paris, 25 November 2010, lot 356; the marriage casket of Cosimo de Medici and Eleanor of Toledo (Louvre OA 7779); an example in the Waddesdon bequest to the British museum, attributed to Diego de Çaias by Claude Blair (ibid). See also: Sothebys London, European Sculpture and Works of Art, Medieval to Modern, 6 December 2011, lot 68 and Ewald Berger, Prunk-Kassetten, 1998, p. 212, in which publication see also p. 211 for a 16th century iron casket from Nuremberg which has a similar key. Like all these aforementioned examples, the gilded decoration on the present casket has been influenced by Islamic pattern work and can be related to two 16th Century prints. (see R. Berliner, Ornamentale Vorlage - Blätter, vol I, pls. 82, 86, both dated to circa 1530).
4. Joan Evans, PATTERN a study of ornament in Western Europe, New York, 1976, reprint of the 1931 edition, vol. I, pp. 176-179
5. See for example an illuminated manuscript of 1483 illustrated by Alain Gruber in L’Art décoratifs en Europe…, Paris, 1993, p. 376 and a silver-gilt cup, Sotheby's Paris, Importante Orfèvrerie Européenne…, December 1, 2011, LOT 305