- 94
Gluck, Christoph Willibald (1714-1787).
Description
- Telemaco, o sia L'isola di Circe.Manuscrit de la fin du XVIIIe siècle.
- paper
475 pages, in-folio (27.5 x 21.5 cm), papier à 16 portées, les bifolios sont numérotés aux marges intérieures (1-51 et 1-67), demi-veau à coins du XIXe siècle, tranches dorées ; quelques notes manuscrites, concernant la mise en place d'Alessandro Scarlatti d'après le livret de Capeci, sont glissées dans l'ouvrage ; numérotation parfois rognée par le relieur.
Literature
Condition
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Catalogue Note
Gluck composa Telemaco pour le Burghtheater de Vienne, en 1765, pour le mariage du fils de Marie-Thérèse d'Autriche, futur empereur Joseph II, avec Marie-Josephine-Antoinette de Bavière. Le rôle titre de Telemaque fut écrit pour le célèbre castrat alto Guadagni. Telemaque cherche son père Ulysse (Odysseus, tenor), roi d'Ithaque, qu'il n'a pas vu depuis dix-sept ans. Il le retrouve, ensorcellé et emprisonné, sur l'île de la sorcière Circé (soprano). Amoureuse de lui, Circé retient aussi la nymphe Asteria (soprano) en captivité depuis son enfance. Telemaque s'éprend d'Asteria, et ensemble ils s'échappent de l'île, laissant Circe seule à la fin de l'opéra. Les autres personnages sont Merione, fils d'Idomeneo (soprano castrato) et la Voix de l'Oracle (basse). De façon peu commune pour cette période, les parties de Circe, Asteria et de Merione sont notées en clef de Sol.
La hâte avec laquelle les festivités de 1765 ont été préparées explique le fait que Gluck n'eut que peu de temps pour terminer son opéra ; sous certains aspects, il paraît inachevé (ballets additionnels) et le compositeur semble n'avoir jamais repris son oeuvre (ce manuscrit ne contient pas les sinfonia et ballo d'ouverture listées par Wotquenne). Néanmoins, la conception dramatique est assez développée: la deuxième scène de la Parte Seconda, dans laquelle Circe voit apparaitre des esprits, combine des récitatifs ainsi que des arias accompagnés, et un choeur dramatique dans un ensemble théâtral tout à fait convaincant. Berlioz met l'accent sur le superbe air de la nymphe Asteria 'Ah ! l'ho presente ognor', dans son À travers chants.
Gluck's autograph manuscript of "Telemaco" is lost: only an eight-page fragment of the opening scene survives in the Austrian National Library. Contemporary full scores of Gluck's Italian operas are uncommon, and rarely offered for sale. This is one of ten scribal copies listed by Geiringer (1972), probably derived from one in the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna, itself apparently copied from Gluck's lost original. There was no contemporary edition of the music, although a modern edition, edited by Karl Geiringer, was published in 1972. Otherwise only the original libretto published in 1765 survives.
Gluck composed Telemaco for the Burgtheater in Vienna in 1765 to celebrate the marriage of Maria-Theresa's son, later Emperor Joseph II to Maria-Josephine of Bavaria. The title role of Telemaco was written for the famous alto castrato Guadagni; Telemaco has been searching for his father Ulisse (Odysseus, tenor), king of Ithaca, whom he has not seen for seventeen years. He finds Ulisse enthralled and imprisoned on the island of the sorceress Circe, who is in love with him, and her companion Asteria (both sopranos). Telemaco falls in love with Asteria and, together, they all fly the island, leaving Circe alone at the end of the opera. The other characters are Merione, son of Idomeneo (soprano castrato) and the Voice of the Oracle (bass). Unusually for this period, the parts for Circe, Asteria and Merione are notated in the treble clef.
The haste with which the 1765 festivities were prepared meant that Gluck barely had time to complete his opera; certain features appear unfinished (including additional ballets) and the composer never seems to have revisited the work (this manuscript lacks the opneing sinfonia and ballo listed by Wotquenne). Nevertheless, the dramatic conception is quite developed: the second scene in Parte Seconda, where apparitions appear to Circe, combines accompanied recitative, aria and a dramatically active chorus into a cogent theatrical whole. Berlioz drew attention to the enchanting entrance aria of the nymph Asteria 'Ah ! l'ho presente ognor', in his A travers chants.