Ford Madox Brown

Bought from the artist by Charles J. Pooley of Manchester in April 1876;
W.H. Wood by 1911;
D. Stoner Crowther;
Christie's, 2 May 1924, lot 75 bought Gooden & Fox for 130 guineas on behalf of William Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme, of Cedar Lawn, Hampstead and later Thornton Manor, Merseyside;
Sotheby's, 'The Leverhulme Collection', 26-28 June 2001, lot 396;
Private collection

Manchester City Art Gallery, Loan Exhibition of Works by Ford Madox Brown and the Pre-Raphaelites, 1911, no.75 lent by W.H. Wood;
Bath, Victoria Art Gallery, Autumn Loan Exhibition of Works by Pre-Raphaelite Painters from Collections in Lancashire, 1913, no.31;
Port Sunlight, The Lady Lever Art Gallery, The Pre-Raphaelites, 1948, no.25

Ford M. Hueffer, Ford Madox Brown - A Record of his Life and Works, 1896, p.306;
A. Charles Sewter, The Stained Glass of William Morris and his Circle, 2 Volumes, 1975, Vol. I, p.190;
Teresa Newman and Ray Watkinson, Ford Madox Brown and the Pre-Raphaelite Circle, 1991, p.175

STRUCTURE The work has been executed on paper laid onto original panel, providing good support. The paint surface is clean with no visible damage. FRAME Held under glass in a pre-Raphaelite carved wood frame (possibly the original)
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Ford Madox Hueffer, in his biography of his grandfather, writes that this watercolour was created over a period of four weeks in the early months of 1876. He gave a direct account of the subject, which he praises for its simplicity and directness: ‘Christ, seated at the centre of the table, offers the wine and bread to the Disciples seated with Him. They, recognising the sign, are struck with wonder and adopt attitudes of adoration. Round windows behind each of the figures’ heads form a kind of halo, but through them the sunlit landscape is to be seen.’ The subject is taken from the Gospel according to St Luke (24: 13-31), where the evangelist tells of Christ’s miraculous appearance to two of his followers as they were eating at Emmaus near Jerusalem on the Sunday following the Crucifixion.

In his work Ford Madox Brown reveals his close association with the Pre-Raphaelite movement. In its honest simplicity the picture echoes the naturalism of seminal works of the 1850s such as Millais’s Christ in the House of his Parents or Rossetti’s Girlhood of Mary Virgin (both Tate). The composition of Brown’s The Supper at Emmaus was first conceived as a design for a stained glass window which he made in 1871 for the Church of Jesus at Troutbeck in Westmorland. This was part of a scheme of decoration undertaken by Morris & Co and in which Brown collaborated with Edward Burne-Jones; four of the nine cartoons were prepared with additional studies for the tracery. Ford Madox Brown was paid for Feed My Sheep and Supper at Emmaus in September 1870 and December 1871 respectively. The window itself was installed in 1873. The original cartoon for the stained glass window of The Supper at Emmaus was included in the exhibition ‘Pre-Raphaelitism’ at the Maas Gallery in London in 1970, no. 37. The project for the decoration of the Church of Jesus, Troutbeck, is discussed in detail in A. Charles Sewter, The Stained Glass of William Morris and his Circle, two volumes, New Haven, 1975, pp. 189-90.

The watercolour of The Supper at Emmaus was commissioned by Charles J. Pooley a cotton mill owner from Manchester. Not exhibited during the artist’s lifetime, it first appeared before the public in 1911 when it was included in the Loan Exhibition of Works by Ford Madox Brown and the Pre-Raphaelites at the Manchester City Art Gallery. The drawing was thoughtfully described in the catalogue in the following terms: ‘A sympathetic treatment of the subject. The disciples reveal their respective  temperaments in the gestures that express their astonishment on recognising the master. Note the eastern landscape seen through the round windows. Here…Madox Brown is seen as a colourist.’ (p.18) Brown’s links with Manchester were further strengthened in 1878 when he received a commission to paint murals for Manchester Town Hall on the theme of the history of the city, a project which occupied the remaining years of his life.

The Supper at Emmaus was subsequently owned by the great collector of Victorian art William Hesketh Lever, Lord Leverhulme who was a consistent buyer of works by Ford Madox Brown. His first acquisition was the large painting of Cromwell on his Farm. It had been commissioned by William Brockbank of Manchester and was purchased from his family’s collection through the Fine Art Society on 16 October 1899. Three years later, Lever placed it on view at Hulme Hall, Port Sunlight and lent it to the great Loan Exhibition of works by Ford Madox Brown and the Pre-Raphaelites in the autumn of 1911. The sale of George Rae’s collection in 1917 afforded the opportunity of purchasing the superb Pre-Raphaelite landscape of 1855, Windermere. The following year he bought the watercolour Nosegay at the Leicester Galleries. His last acquisition was that of Cordelia’s Portion, purchased though Gooden & Fox on 2 May 1924. All these paintings were subsequently given to the Lady Lever Art Gallery.