Zapata, Emiliano

Typed announcement, signed ("Emiliano Zapata"), in Spanish, 1 page (13 1/4 x 8 1/2 in.; 335 x 215 mm), Tlaltizapan, Morelos, 31 May 1916, stamped cachet lower left "Ejercito Libertador de la Republica Mexicana, Cuartel General,"; formerly folded, a few tiny edge tears. Blue half-morocco clamshell box, gilt-stamped title on spine.



With:



Typed announcement, signed ("Emiliano Zapata"), in Spanish, 1 page (13 3/8 x 8 1/2 in.; 340 x 215 mm), Tlaltizapan, Morelos, 27 April 1918, stamped cachet at top left "Ejercito Libertador de la Republica Mexicana, Cuartel General,"; small strip in left margin browned, penciled docket in upper right corner. Half-morocco drop-box, English translation laid in.

Zapata establishes watch patrols, and calls upon the Carrancistas to join him.

The Mexican revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata (1877–1919), in the earlier order, asks the townspeople to form watch patrols, authorizing them to arrest lawbreakers, and members of opposing forces (the latter) with a view to confiscating their arms.

In the later order, he calls upon the followers of the elected president Venustiano Carranza (1859–1920), some Tlaxcalan armed bands, who had previously followed Domingo Arenas (his former ally and later his murdered rival), to join him in opposition. This document was simultaneously issued in Nahuatl: "What we were all waiting for has finally happened. The break between you and the unconditional servants of Venustiano Carranza was imminent and inevitable ... In fighting against the despot Carranza ... the liberating army, through me, invites you to join us."