Lot 3
  • 3

Superbe statuette fétiche, Songye, République Démocratique du Congo

Estimate
50,000 - 70,000 EUR
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Description

  • Songye
  • Superbe statuette fétiche
  • haut. 24 cm
  • 9 1/2 in

Provenance

Collection Ernst et Ruth Anspach, New York
Acquise d'Alain de Monbrison, Paris

Literature

Exposée et reproduite dans:
Vogel, Wild Spirits, Strong Medicine, 1989, pl. 85, catalogue de l'exposition, The Center for African Art, 10 mai – 20 août 1989

Reproduite dans:
Robins & Nooter, African Art in American Collections, 1989 : 468, n°1204
Bacquart, The Tribal Arts of Africa, 1998 : 170, B

Numéro d'inventaire "1429" inscrit à l'encre blanche sur la base.

Condition

Very good condition overall; wear consistent with age and use within the culture: minor chips and scratches around the eyes. Handwritten number "1429" in white pigment on the outside side of the proper right foot. Exceptionally fine dark brown and reddish resinous patina.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

Catalogue Note

Ernst Anspach fut, à New York, l'un des plus importants collectionneurs d'art primitif. D'abord attiré par l'art moderne et contemporain - Kolbe, Maillol, Archipenko, Calder - lui et sa femme Ruth découvrirent l'art primitif en 1956. A New York, le collectionneur Nelson Rockefeller et son conseiller artistique, René d'Harnoncourt (directeur du MoMA de 1947 à 1967) venaient de décider la création du Museum of Primitive Art, dont la première exposition sera inaugurée en 1957. L'émulation est sans précédent. En Amérique les Anspach, de même que John et Dominique de Menil, Paul Tishman, ou encore Gustav et Franyo Schindler deviennent, à l'échelle internationale, les plus importants collectionneurs d'art africain. En 1967, le Museum of Primitive Art consacre à la collection Anspach l'exposition African Sculpture from the Collection of Ernst et Ruth Anspach - dans laquelle figurait cette statuette.

"My dearly beloved Songe fetish" (Ernst Anspach, Art and Auction, février 1984). Si les premiers achats privilégient l'esthétique plus "abordable" à l'œil occidental des antilopes ci-wara et de la statuaire ivoirienne, très vite leur goût s'oriente vers les expressions les plus puissantes, parmi lesquelles la statuaire Songye ne cessera d'occuper une place très privilégiée.

La dynamique des formes épurées (corps radicalement résumé à ses formes essentielles, bras absents) accentue la fulgurance du mouvement - la tête tournée à angle droit. Celle-ci participe du même effet de contraste, opposant la plénitude du volume et la richesse des attributs - têtes de clou en cuivre, corne d'antilope -, au dessin anguleux des traits, culminant dans les dents limées. A l'extrême tension des formes répond la puissance de l'image, renforcée par l'exceptionnelle patine noire, huileuse.

Selon Neyt (2004 : 308), les figures Songye à tête tournée relèvent de la deuxième tradition occidentale, et proviennent de la région des Milembwe et des Belande. La signification du geste demeure énigmatique. cf. Neyt (2004 : n° 13 à 18) pour des statues sculptées dans la même attitude.

Cette statuette nkisi, réservée à l'usage d'une personne ou d'une famille impose, par la saisissante modernité des formes et par sa dynamique, toute la monumentalité de la grande tradition Songye. Elle traduit magistralement le goût des Anspach à la fois pour la puissante statuaire africaine et pour l'art moderne.
 

Superb Songe power figure, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ernst Anspach was one of the most important early collectors of 'Primitive Art' in New York in the 20th century. He and his wife Ruth first collected modern and contemporary art - Kolbe, Maillol, Archipenko, Calder -and discovered 'Primitive Art' in 1956. In New York the collector Nelson Rockfeller and his artistic advisor René d'Harnoncourt (MoMA director from 1947 to 1967) had just decided to open The Museum of Primitive Art in the same period. The new museum created unprecedented appreciation of this new collecting area. In America the Anspachs, along with John and Dominique de Menil, Paul Tishman, and Gustav and Franyo Schindler became the great collectors of African art. In 1967 The Museum of Primitive Art held an exhibition devoted to the Anspach Collection, entitled African Sculpture from the Collection of Ernst and Ruth Anspach. This Songe figure was among the pieces shown.

"My dearly beloved Songe fetish" (Ernst Anspach, Art and Auction, February 1984). Although the first pieces the Anspachs bought favoured aesthetic qualities which were "easiest" on the Western eye, such as ci-wara antelope head-dresses and objects from the Ivory Coast, their taste for more powerful sculpture rapidly developed, including, first and foremost, Songe statuary.

In this figure the pared down shapes include a body stripped to its essential forms, devoid of arms, which emphasizes the stridency of movement. The head turns ninety degrees and enhances the sculptural contrast as it opposes the fullness of the curves and the opulence of the other attributes –copper nail heads, antelope horn. The angular lines of the facial features culminate in the sharp teeth. The extreme formal tension is set off by the figure's visual power, further heightened by the exceptional dark, oily patina.

According to Neyt (2004 : 308), Songye turned head figures are part of the second western tradition and originate in the Milembwe and Belande regions. The meaning of the gesture in itself remains a mystery. cf. Neyt (2004 : nos. 13 to 18) for statues sculpted in a similar stance.

The modest scale of this nkisi figure indicates that it was reserved for the use of a person or a family. The power in the reduced forms testify to the monumentality of the Songye statuary in its startling modernity.