Two Russian porcelain figures, Gardner Porcelain Manufactory 19th century

one modelled as a  dancing man, the other a Jewish man, both with impressed manufactory marks; together with a Russian porcelain figure of a musician playing the balalaika,  Kozlov, Moscow, mid-19th century,  impressed manufactory mark; also combined with another Russian porcelain figurine,  St. Petersburg, 19th century, a variant of a Gardner figure

In 1766 the Gardner Porcelain Manufactory was founded by the Englishman Francis Jacob Gardner in Werbilky, a town close to Moscow. Between 1778 and 1785 the factory produced dinner services commissioned by Catherine the Great.  The Gardner factory remained the leading Russian private porcelain factory until the middle of the 19th century. In 1892 it was taken over by M.S. Kusnetsov  who concentrated on mass-produced porcelain, as Kusnetsov Brothers, until the factory's nationalisation in 1917.