Diophantus.

Arithmeticorum libri sex, et de numeris multangulis liber unus. Cum commentariis... C.G. Bacheti... & observationibus D.P. de Fermat... Accessit doctrinae analyticae inventum novum, collectum [by J. de Billy] ex varijs... Fermat epistolis [ed. Samuel de Fermat]. Toulouse: B. Bosc, 1670

Although in the history of mathematics, Fermat's marginal jottings in Diophantus hold a special place, as the location of his famous theorem, in fact in this edition, Fermat's role was slight as is remarked on in the manuscript note on the fly-leaf of this copy: 'The notes of Mr. Fermat upon Diophantus, were not other than ye marginal notes, he wrote upon his own Bachetus; and would, if printed by themselves, scarce make three sheets of paper so that the book is no other than Bachets appointed with those notes, the prefaces omitted: and when he comes to knotty problems, he is complaining he wanted room; and so has left the matter untouched'. In his dedication to Colbert (complete with handsome engraved head-piece and initial), Fermat's son admits that these observations may indeed be 'mole quidem exiguas, se pondere, ni fallor, maiores'. The great Paul Tannery in his Teubner text (i, p. v, 1895) is extremely dismissive; 'Negligenda erat Fermatiana [editio] (Tolosae, 1670) quae textum eundem [as Bachet] mendose repetivit'. However Bachet's edition was not easily available, and this edition was eagerly sought at the time. In a letter John Collins remarks how difficult it was to obtain a copy of this work, which, he tells us, was only sent to Paris in a small number of copies. However, by August 1672, it was available in London.