The Mughal period is notable for its output of hardstone carving, most notably jade, but agate was also much admired for its decorative qualities. There is indeed an effervescent quality to colour and inclusions of the agate from which this jar was carved. The form recalls that of the nephrite inkpot of the emperor Jahangir (r.1605-28), now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (inv. no.29.145.2). For related forms in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, see Catalogue of a special exhibition of Hindustan Jade in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, 1983.