The underside of the tambura has a depiction of the elephant-headed Hindu deity, Ganesha, the god of auspicious beginnings. Musicians and dancers in India often begin their performances with a prayer dedicated to Ganesha. The exterior depicts the rasa mandala, with Krishna dancing the rasa lila (the dance of divine love) with Radha in the centre, as well as dancing with every gopi surrounding the couple by multiplying himself several times.
A similar tambura, was sold recently at Christie’s London, The Oliver Hoare Collection, 25 October 2019, lot 4. An example with similar decoration, attributed to the ninteenth century and probably made in Gwalior, is in the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (acc. no. IM.238-1922; R. Skelton et al, The Indian Heritage: Court life and Arts under Mughal rule, London, 1982, cat.no.565, p.165). Three further comparable tambura instruments, variously attributed to Central and South India, are in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (acc. no.89.4.189; acc. no.46.34.64; acc. no.1994.498).