An Asafo Flag, Fante, Ghana

Private French Collection

This flag is a typical example of the production of this type of object by the Fante people, who live in the central coastal region of Ghana. Named Asafo, these flags are regimental banners created by Asafo companies, groups of traditional warriors formed to defend Fante villages. The term “Asafo” comes from the Fante words sa (war) and fo (people). Combining Akan proverbs, figurative imagery and European heraldic influences, these flags also feature symbols intended to establish the power and wealth of the company bearing it. The flags are usually commissioned by people joining the Asafo company and produced by local craftsmen. They are used during annual festivals, funerals of company members and other public ceremonies. Although their military function came to an end during the British colonial period, Asafo flags remain an active part of Fante cultural and ceremonial life.