明萬曆 五彩百鹿尊 《大明萬曆年製》款

sturdily potted, of ovoid form rising to a gently waisted neck with a lipped rim, painted in underglaze-blue, green, yellow, aubergine, brown and two shades of iron-red enamel with a continuous scene depicting a profusion of deer in widely varied poses, some resting or grazing, others prancing in playful contest, several partially hidden by the foliage and twisted trunks of pine and wutong trees, all interspersed with spiraling underglaze-blue and green enamel cloud scrolls and with bamboo, pine and fruiting branches, all above a band of stylized lappets at the foot and below a ruyi border at the shoulder and a band of alternating peony and chrysanthemum florets at the neck, all divided by underglaze blue line borders, the unglazed base centered with a recessed circle with the six-character mark inscribed in underglaze blue within a double circle beneath a clear glaze 

英國私人收藏
倫敦邦瀚斯2005年7月11日，編號157

納爾遜-阿特金斯藝術博物館，堪薩斯城，密蘇里州，2013至2015年（借展）

In very good general condition. The rim with an approx. 4.5 cm long inverted T-shaped crack. The interior has three star-cracks, the largest measuring approx. 8.5 x 5.5 cm, together with occasional short glaze lines, all of which are not visible on the exterior. Some scattered flaking to the enamels, particularly to the green rockwork around the shoulder. Overall with light general wear to the surface and expected firing imperfections, consistent with age and type. The base with old ink markings.
In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective qualified opinion.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING CONDITION OF A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD "AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF SALE PRINTED IN THE CATALOGUE.

此五彩百鹿尊器形敦碩，飾紋繁麗，造工複雜，集萬曆製瓷工藝之菁華。此器通體繪滿五彩紋飾，釉色絢麗明艷，圖案靈活生動。史書記載之萬曆皇帝，雖非勤政明君、亦不熱衷藝文，但其在位近半個世紀，天下尚安；而皇帝甚好奢華器物，故萬曆一朝，景德鎮御窰瓷匠得以盡展所長，創新彩釉技法，成品佳器頗豐。萬曆五彩色調濃艷，大紅大綠，色彩對比強烈。本品五彩瑞鹿按序間隔，著色豐富，構圖繁麗而均稱，賞心悅目，其中礬紅彩又以濃淡分出兩色，實不多見。

百鹿圖應始創於萬曆年間。鹿在古代寓意豐富，例如象徵長壽，被奉為千歲瑞獸；野生林鹿以靈芝為食，古人即認為鹿角集靈芝精華，視為入藥珍品。鹿音同「祿」，故百鹿又象徵「百祿」。

本器紋飾蘊涵多重吉祥寓意，佈局呈通景式，場景或仿自御苑或皇家獵場，故有野鹿等珍禽異獸棲居。明時皇家園林西苑，近紫禁皇城，修於明初，歷朝多位皇帝常遊幸於此。明中葉後，嘉靖皇帝翻修西苑樓殿，大興祀典齋醮、修道煉仙等玄事，更於二十一年遷入，稱為西內。

台北國立故宮博物院藏一件近例，錄於《明磁名品図錄》，東京，1978年，卷2，圖版101；第二例為横河民輔舊藏，刊於《東京国立博物館図版目錄·中国古陶磁篇》，東京，1990年，卷2，圖版330；第三例載於《世界陶磁全集》，卷14，東京，1976年，圖版218；第四例，來自Ernest Grandidier收藏，現存吉美博物館，巴黎，刊錄於《Oriental Ceramics. The World’s Great Collections》，東京，1981年，卷7，彩色圖版26。另，柏林普魯士藝術學院曾於Schlossmuseum展出一例，見《Chinesische Kunst》，1929年，編號739。

拍場曾見數同紋飾例，其中五件售於倫敦蘇富比，第一件於1978年7月11，編號191；第二件於1999年6月16日，編號794；第三件於2004年11月10日，編號564；第四件於2009年5月14日，編號566；第五件於2010年5月12日，編號20；再見一無款例，藏皮特河博物館，法納姆，英國，售於倫敦佳士得2006年11月7日，編號184。

乾隆年間，百鹿圖復見於粉彩瓷，北京故宮博物院藏一例，載於《故宮博物院藏文物珍品大系·琺瑯粉彩瓷》，香港，1999年，圖版85；紐約蘇富比曾售一例，2016年3月16日，編號321。