拍品 3605
  • 3605

明宣德 青花魚藻紋葵花式洗 《大明宣德年製》款

估價
20,000,000 - 40,000,000 HKD
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描述

  • 《大明宣德年製》款
  • ceramic
of ten-lobed mallow shape with gently flaring sides resting on a countersunk base of corresponding form, the interior superbly painted in rich cobalt blue with a medallion enclosing a carp and mandarin fish swimming amongst clumps of lotus and undulating water weeds, the exterior similarly decorated with further fish swimming among similar water plants, the fish finely detailed with hatching and stippling and varied shades of blue to render their peculiar markings, lotus flowers and leaves in different stages, the latter with veins finely picked out through the blue to appear in white, the base inscribed with a six-character reign mark within a double-circle, the rim metal-mounted

來源

Peter Boode(1972年卒)收藏
艾弗瑞(1873-1950)與艾薇(約1890-1976)克拉克伉儷收藏,約1936/38年
Spink & Son Ltd.,倫敦,1974年
Senta Wollheim 收藏,集珍於60至80年代初,此後家族傳承至現藏家

展覽

《International Exhibition of Chinese Art》,英國皇家藝術學院,倫敦,1935-36年,編號1468
《Ming Blue-and-White Porcelain》,東方陶瓷學會,倫敦,1946年,編號29
《Chinese Blue and White Porcelain, 14th to 19th Centuries》,東方陶瓷學會,倫敦,1953-54年,編號66
《Blue and White Porcelain from the Collection of Mrs. Alfred Clark》,Spink & Son Ltd,倫敦,1974年,編號14
亞洲藝術博物館,柏林,1984-2015年,借展

出版

白蘭士敦,《明初官窰考》,北京,1938年,圖版19

Condition

The rim has an approx. 1 cm stained hairline extending into the side at 9 o'clock. The exterior rim has a tiny flake of approx. 0.5 by 0.2 cm at 7 o'clock. There is a bruised area of approx. 1.35 by 0.6 cm to the exterior rim, including a tiny triangular flake (approx. 0.4 by 0.4 by 0.5 cm) and two other flakes possibly filled with glue (approx. 0.5 by 0.5 by 0.2 and 1.1 by 0.9 by 0.4). There is a circular hairline to the glaze along the interior luting line around the double-circles, small areas of which appear to be partially stabilised.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

拍品資料及來源

克拉克舊藏魚藻紋洗
康蕊君

青花魚藻紋葵花式洗,發色明豔,紋飾線條流麗自由,繪游魚悠然自得,穿梭蓮草之間,予觀者自在無拘之感,為中國歷代御瓷少見罕例。

宣德一朝景德鎮御窰廠任用專業畫師繪瓷,然官瓷紋飾受宮規所限,多為龍紋、鳳紋,或其他象徵皇權紋飾,格式拘謹莊重,卻少筆意趣味。少數新式瓷器紋飾,寓意喜慶且不受制式所限,作非正式場合之用。此類作品現畫師嫻熟筆法,揮灑畫功底蘊,造就出最靈動迷人的御瓷紋飾。魚藻紋較其他自然題材更需畫師敏銳寫生觀察,師法自然,以純熟技法再現水中魚草姿態。此件拍品魚藻紋飾,濃淡層次豐富多變,展現畫師巧技,運用點染、堆疊、渲染、針刻,青花表現精采酣暢。

宋代以降,游魚穿梭豐美水藻叢間,為水墨常見題材,宋一朝即有數名畫家以畫魚聞名。其中最為重要之先行者,要數徽宗年間畫師劉寀。宋徽宗乃中國史上首屈一指之藝術鑑賞家,且尊崇道教文化。如斯寫生題材,難度甚高,且於文士所見,富象徵意涵。自從公元前五世紀末之道家經典《莊子》,游魚屢成寓言主題。其中最膾炙人口者,要屬莊子與儒者惠子就「魚之樂」的機智對辯,莊子見魚悠游水中,稱魚之樂,惠子反問「子非魚,安知魚之樂?」反覆答辯後,以莊子智答「子曰『汝安知魚樂』云者,既已知吾知之而問我,我知之濠上也。」作結。

元一朝,青花魚藻紋已甚為盛行,可見於盤、盌,尤以大罐最是出色。此件葵花式洗雖異於元例,仍沿用其技法,以針刻剔葉上鈷藍,露纖白葉脈。

魚藻紋搭配筆洗器形,適洽無雙,書畫之際,於中注滿清水,宛若漫漫荷塘,生意盎然,尋思下筆之時,望魚閒游,幾似筆洗已化為無形,獨留案頭一潭逍遙。宣德帝尤好詩文雅趣,此類筆洗應非用於撰批政事,而作閒暇書畫用。Edward L. Dreyer 在其著作中指,宣德帝才華洋溢,詩畫皆通,對此類閒暇雅事幾乎要比對國事更為熱衷,見《Early Ming China. A Political History, 1355-1435》,史丹福,1982年,頁226,他又提及宣德帝不僅勤政治國,對於仕人亦是公正不倚,受後代學士敬崇,視為輝煌盛世,見同書頁236。

嘉靖帝崇尚道家學說,當朝續燒此類魚藻紋葵花式洗,臺北故宮博物院藏一件嘉靖年款作例,刊錄於《故宮藏瓷:明青花瓷(五)》,香港,1963年,圖版21。另一件原為 Myron S. Falk 珍藏,2001年10月16日售於紐約佳士得,編號143。

現知僅有另外三件宣德青花魚藻紋葵花式洗,其一發現於天津市,錄於《文物》,1977年,1期,頁92。另一件原為玫茵堂所藏,錄於康蕊君,《玫茵堂中國陶瓷》,倫敦,1994-2010年,卷4,編號1653,2011年4月7日售於香港蘇富比,編號54(圖一);第三件,尺寸較小(16公分),售於北京翰海1995年10月7日,編號1031。一件紋飾相同之殘器,見於景德鎮珠山明代御窰廠遺址,收錄於《景德鎮出土明宣德官窰瓷器》,鴻禧美術館,臺北,1998年,編號19-2(圖二),頁202指出萬曆初詩人劇作家屠隆(1542-1605)曾記載宣窰魚藻葵式洗,但北京故宮藏一宣德狩獵圖,描繪同類瓷洗用作玉壺春瓶之托座。當然,洗與玉壺春瓶可盛水成套使用,可能不用時才疊在一起,而非刻意專作托座用。

同樣紋飾亦見於宣德款青花盤,參見《明代宣德官窰菁華特展圖錄》,國立故宮博物院,臺北,1998年,編號180(圖三)。

直至1930年代,此葵式洗為荷籍古董商 Peter Boode 所藏,1910年代始 Boode 屢次赴華,1930、40年代時,活躍於倫敦藝術界。此洗後入艾弗瑞.克拉克伉儷中國陶瓷收藏,克氏珍藏盛名遠播,藏品大多購入於1920至40年代間。此器曾借展倫敦皇家藝術學院1935、36年中國藝術大展,展後不久為克氏購得,之後亦多次出借倫敦東方陶瓷學會展覽。