- 776
A Sèvres porcelain tea service, Déjeuner des peintres Flamands, 1818-19
Estimate
30,000 - 50,000 GBP
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Description
- Porcelain, metal, wood
painted with titled Flemish Master portraits from works in the collection of the Louvre, reserved on a platinum ground, comprising: a teapot and cover (théière 'Pestum') of the first size;
a milk jug (pot à lait 'Pestum') of the second size;
a sugar bowl and cover (pot à sucre 'Pestum');
and six cups and saucers (tasse 'Gothique' et Soucoupe);
blue printed marks, gilder's marks, various incised marks, together with a 19th century fitted case,
a milk jug (pot à lait 'Pestum') of the second size;
a sugar bowl and cover (pot à sucre 'Pestum');
and six cups and saucers (tasse 'Gothique' et Soucoupe);
blue printed marks, gilder's marks, various incised marks, together with a 19th century fitted case,
Provenance
With Grosvenor Antiques Ltd., London;
Acquired at the Grosvenor House Antiques Fair, London by the present owner in April 1972.
Acquired at the Grosvenor House Antiques Fair, London by the present owner in April 1972.
Exhibited
L'Exposition des Manufactures Royales, Musée Royal (Louvre), Paris, December 1821-January 1822, number 22.
Literature
H. Van Der Tuin, ‘Reproduction Et Imitation De Vieux Tableaux Flamands Ou Hollandais Sur Porcelaine De Sèvres (1756-1847)', Oud Holland, Vol. 65, 1950, p. 49, listed.
RELATED LITERATURE
L. B. Hunt, ‘Platinum in the Decoration of Porcelain and Pottery’, Platinum Metals Review, Vol. 22, No. 22, 1978, pp. 138-148;
Tamara Préaud, The Sèvres Porcelain Manufactory, Alexandre Brongniart and the Triumph of Art and Industry, 1800-1847, Bard Graduate Center, New York, 1997, pp. 86-87;
Anne Perrin-Khelissa, ‘La Carrière de Jean Charles François Leloy à la manufacture de Sèvres de 1818 et 1844’, Sèvres, revue de la société des amis du musée national de céramique, n° 19, 2010, pp. 69-88.
RELATED LITERATURE
L. B. Hunt, ‘Platinum in the Decoration of Porcelain and Pottery’, Platinum Metals Review, Vol. 22, No. 22, 1978, pp. 138-148;
Tamara Préaud, The Sèvres Porcelain Manufactory, Alexandre Brongniart and the Triumph of Art and Industry, 1800-1847, Bard Graduate Center, New York, 1997, pp. 86-87;
Anne Perrin-Khelissa, ‘La Carrière de Jean Charles François Leloy à la manufacture de Sèvres de 1818 et 1844’, Sèvres, revue de la société des amis du musée national de céramique, n° 19, 2010, pp. 69-88.
Condition
Teapot, minute chip to inner flange teapot and very light rubbing to tip of spout. Milk jug, very light rubbing to tip of spout. Sugar bowl cover has two small areas of flaking to underside and a minor area of rubbing to finial. One cup with the outer curved section of the handle re-stuck. One saucer with a minute polished chip to the under side of the foot.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."
Catalogue Note
The painting:
Teapot and cover, titled, VAN-DYCK., after Anthony van Dyck, ‘Self Portrait’, the medallion verso titled, Vierge d'après Van-Dyck, Anthony van Dyck, from the larger composition ‘Virgin with Donors’, circa 1630. Decorated by Marie Adélaïde Ducluzeau, née Durand (active 1818-49). The underside inscribed Par Mme. Ducluseau., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y/ 10 oct./ 18., incised DLDS7 H within footrim;i
Milk jug, titled, REMBRANDT., after Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ‘Self-portrait’, circa 1633. Decorated by Jenny Denois (active 1816-28). Signed Jenny Denois to medallion, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y/ 21 Aout/ 18., incised Cs J(?);
Sugar bowl and cover, titled, Tete de femme, d’après Rubens., after Peter Paul Rubens, ‘Portrait of Suzanne Fourment’, the medallion verso titled, Jean Richardot, d’après Rubens, after Anthony van Dyck, from the larger composition ‘Richardot and his son’. Decorated by Elise Rogeard (active 1817-19). Both medallions signed E. Rogeard, the underside inscribed Par Mme. Rogeard., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, incised SZ10 J f v and incised H within footrim;ii
A cup, titled, Portrait de femme, d'après Rembrandt., after Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ‘Hendrickje Stoffels’. Decorated by Jenny Denois. The underside inscribed Par Mlle. J. Denois, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./10 oct./18, incised BC D.S.6 A d;
A cup, titled, GÉRARD DOW., after Gerrit Dou, from the larger composition ‘Self Portrait with a palette’. Decorated by Fanny Charrin (active 1814-26). Signed Fanny Charrin to medallion, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./10. Aout(?), incised CMe Ad;
A cup, titled, R. ARNAULD, after Philippe de Champaigne, ‘Portrait of Robert Arnauld d’Andilly’, 1650. Decorated Jenny Denois. Signed Jenny Denois to medallion, the underside inscribed in purple R. ARNAULD d’Andilly,/ d'après Philippe de Champagne,/ par Mlle. J Denois., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./21 Aout/18., incised CMe Ad;
A cup, titled, Un mathétician./ d’après F. Bol., after Ferdinand Bol, ‘Portrait of a mathematician’, 1658. Probably decorated by Victorine Treveret or Treverret (active 1820-30, 1836-42). Printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y. in puce, incised BC DS6 Ad;iii
A cup, titled, PH. DE CHAMPAGNE., after Jean-Baptiste de Champaigne, ‘Philippe de Champaigne’, 1668. Decorated by Jenny Denois. The underside inscribed Par Mlle. J. Denois., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./21 Aout/ 18, incised BC DS6 Ad;
A cup, titled, Guillaume du Vair./ par FR. Porbus., after Frans Pourbus, 'Guillaume du Vair'. Decorated by Victorine Treveret or Treverret. The underside inscribed in purple Par Mlle. Treveret, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y, incised CM e or c Ad.iv
The Déjeuner des peintres Flamands conceived in 1818 was designed by Jean-Charles-François Leloy in his first years at Sèvres. A pencil and watercolour drawing design for one of the déjeuner’s cups survives in the Musée National de Céramique, Sèvres (fig. 1). The design, signed and dated 1818, shows that Leloy gave a choice of different motifs for the final ground pattern. It is interesting to note that the lozenge of artist’s tools shown in the design was omitted from the finished piece and is incorporated into the crested lip of the milk jug.
According to Van der Tuin letters from Sèvres were sent to the Comte de Forbin, Director of the Musée Royal, requesting permission for porcelain painters to study paintings in the Royal Collection.v Paintings were also sometimes lent to Sèvres for artists to copy. The study of Old Masters was well established by the 18th century, see F. B. Morse's painting Gallery of the Louvre, 1831-33, which shows a female painter working on a small-sized work. She sits in front of Rubens' Suzanne Fourment, which features on the sugar bowl of the present service (fig. 3). Works by the Flemish Masters were also copied onto large porcelain plaques including Van Eyck’s Virgin by Sophie de Bon in 1818, Carel Dujardin’s Wooded Grove by Pierre Robert in 1821 and Gerrit Dou’s Dropsical Woman by Jean Georget in 1822. The gilding of this déjeuner was completed by Charles Christian Marie Durosey (active 1800-30). Durosey also gilded the vases "Clodion" de Monsieur, one of the first models designed by Leloy at Sèvres.vi
The Louvre exhibition.
In 1814 Alexander Brongniart obtained authorisation to reintroduce the annual exhibitions of the factory's latest products. They had been established at Versailles by Louis XV and continued by Louis XVI. When reinstated the exhibitions took place in the Galerie d’Apollon on the first floor of the Louvre, then known as the Musée Royal, and also included other luxury goods from de tapisseries des Gobelins, de Beauvais, des tapis de la Savonnerie, and de mosaïque de Paris faite. The déjeuner entered the sales inventory on 22nd December 1821,vii with a sale price of 3365 Francs. It was one of three déjeuner that were exhibited in the annual New Year’s L'Exposition des Manufactures Royales in 1822. As seen in the exhibition floorplan the present déjeuner was displayed in one of the window bays overlooking the Seine (fig.2).viii
Brongniart and Leloy appear to have had a turbulent working relationship. In a letter dated 15th February 1844 Brongniart writes to the designer "You make too many small sketches of little significance which take you too long, that make the cost of executing your drawings too high… You use too much icy precision in drawings that should not have the dryness and exactitude of mechanical drawing."ix In spite of this Leloy was responsible for some of the most luxurious objects designed at Sèvres. His work attracted royal patronage; one of his earliest designs was a snuffbox casket for Louis XVIII (coffret de la tabatière du Roi), now in the Louvre Museum, INV.MS 214.x
According to Van Der Tuin’s article, a tray (plateau ovale) of the first size may have originally been intended to accompany the déjeuner. The author writes that it was painted by Fanny Charrin depicting Gerrit Dou’s Le Joueur de trompette sur fond de festin.xi Due to difficulties with the ground colour it was not delivered until later in 1822.xii It is interesting to consider this, as the cup in the present service depicting Gerrit Dou’s self-portrait was also painted by Charrin, suggesting artists specialised in, or preferred to copy particular Masters. It is possible that the tray mentioned is the example which survives in the collection of the Musée national de Céramique, Sèvres.xiii
Platinum
Silver decoration was rarely used at Sèvres during the late eighteenth century,xiv however it soon oxidized and tarnished. To resolve this problem the factory sought a material which would keep its lustre. The first service using platinum decoration, reserved on a simulated black lacquer ground, ‘fond noir’, was ordered on 6th May 1791, described in factory records as ‘fond noir Chinois en ors de couleurs et platine, fleurs, émailés.’xv Particularly successful and early uses of platinum as a ground colour can be seen on the déjeuner painted with medallions simulating cameo, circa 1813, decorated by Antoine Béranger (active 1808-48), and Jean François Philippine (1771-1840) in the National Museum of Stockholm;xvi and the pair of vases fuseaux, circa 1814, decorated in the same manner by Béranger, in the Musée du Louvre.
The painters of this extraordinary déjeuner have imitated details in the portraits of the Louvre which would have only been visible to them as they sat in front of the paintings copying them, which would not have appeared on a print. This exceptional déjeuner marries the technical advances in design and pays homage to the skill of the painter, both past and present.
[i] In 1834 Ducluzeau painted this portrait again on a large porcelain plaque now in the collection of the Musée national de Céramique, Sèvres, collection no. MNC769.
[ii] Interestingly the label above the medallion incorrectly attributes the original painting to Rubens. Musée du Louvre, Paris, INV. 1244. Antoine Béranger (active 1808-48) painted a larger copy on a porcelain plaque in 1826, MNC, collection no. MNC7652.
[iii] According to Van Der Tuin’s article the cup depicting Ferdinand Bol’s portrait of the Mathematician, though unsigned, was also painted by Victorine Treveret.
[iv] With the exception of the portrait of Anthony van Dyck which is now in the Châteaux de Versailles, Versailles, Inv. MV7316, all the source paintings are in the collection of the Musée du Louvre, Paris; Anthony van Dyck, Virgin with Donors, circa 1630, INV1231; Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, Self-portrait, circa 1633, INV1745; Anthony Van Dyck, Richardot and his son, INV1244; Peter Paul Rubens, Suzanne Fourment, INV1796; Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, Hendrickje Stoffels, INV1751; Gérard Dou, Self-portrait with a palette, INV1222; Philippe de Champaigne, Portrait of Robert Arnauld d’Andilly, 1650, INV1145; Ferdinand Bol, Portrait of a mathematician, 1658, INV1063; Jean-Baptiste de Champaigne, Philippe de Champaigne, 1668, INV1142; Frans Pourbus, Guillaume du Vair, INV1712.
[v] The letters were sent on 10th January, 26th and 27th May 1818, Van Der Tuin, op.cit., p. 49.
[vi] The pair was included in the Exhibition of Manufactory works in 1818 and named so as they were acquired by Louis XVIII as a gift for his brother the Comte d’Artois. They are now in the collection of the Musée du Louvre, inv. nos. OA 11340, OA 11341.
[vii] Register Vvi I, 170, 38.
[viii] A Sèvres porcelain guéridon painted by Moïsse Jacobber from the exhibition (no. 8 from the catalogue) was sold in Sotheby’s New York, 1st February 2013, lot 3. This guéridon flanked the Henri IV guéridon (now in the MNC, Sèvres), at the far end of the gallery.
[ix] Préaud, op. cit, p. 259
[x] A letter casket (coffret épistolaire) of similar form was delivered to Marie-Amélie, Queen of the French in December 1834, sold Sotheby’s New York, 10th May 2006, lot 56. See Samuel Wittwer, Refinement & Elegance - Early Nineteenth-Century Royal Porcelain from the Twinight Collection, New York, Munich, 2007, pp. 249-50, no. 62.
[xi] Musée du Louvre, INV1216.
[xii] Van Der Tuin, op. cit., p. 49.
[xiii] Inv. No. D19-MNC1819.
[xiv] See a teapot, bouillotte, dated 1778, decorated by Jean-Jacques Dieu in the collection of the British Museum, published by Aileen Dawson, French Porcelain, A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, London, 1994, pp. 144-45, no. 122, pl. 21; see also Adrian Sassoon, Vincennes and Sèvres porcelain, catalogue of the collections, 1991, pp. 152-57, no. 30.
[xv] The service was delivered to ‘M. de Semonville Ambassadeur’, Charles-Louis Huguet de Sémonville (1759-1839), who served as Envoy-Extraordinary to Genoa. For plate featuring this form of decoration see Aileen Dawson, ibid., London, 1994, p. 214.
[xvi] Carl Nordenfalh, Sèvres et les Cinq Sens, Stockholm, 1984, p. 18, fig. 10.
Teapot and cover, titled, VAN-DYCK., after Anthony van Dyck, ‘Self Portrait’, the medallion verso titled, Vierge d'après Van-Dyck, Anthony van Dyck, from the larger composition ‘Virgin with Donors’, circa 1630. Decorated by Marie Adélaïde Ducluzeau, née Durand (active 1818-49). The underside inscribed Par Mme. Ducluseau., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y/ 10 oct./ 18., incised DLDS7 H within footrim;i
Milk jug, titled, REMBRANDT., after Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ‘Self-portrait’, circa 1633. Decorated by Jenny Denois (active 1816-28). Signed Jenny Denois to medallion, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y/ 21 Aout/ 18., incised Cs J(?);
Sugar bowl and cover, titled, Tete de femme, d’après Rubens., after Peter Paul Rubens, ‘Portrait of Suzanne Fourment’, the medallion verso titled, Jean Richardot, d’après Rubens, after Anthony van Dyck, from the larger composition ‘Richardot and his son’. Decorated by Elise Rogeard (active 1817-19). Both medallions signed E. Rogeard, the underside inscribed Par Mme. Rogeard., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, incised SZ10 J f v and incised H within footrim;ii
A cup, titled, Portrait de femme, d'après Rembrandt., after Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ‘Hendrickje Stoffels’. Decorated by Jenny Denois. The underside inscribed Par Mlle. J. Denois, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./10 oct./18, incised BC D.S.6 A d;
A cup, titled, GÉRARD DOW., after Gerrit Dou, from the larger composition ‘Self Portrait with a palette’. Decorated by Fanny Charrin (active 1814-26). Signed Fanny Charrin to medallion, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./10. Aout(?), incised CMe Ad;
A cup, titled, R. ARNAULD, after Philippe de Champaigne, ‘Portrait of Robert Arnauld d’Andilly’, 1650. Decorated Jenny Denois. Signed Jenny Denois to medallion, the underside inscribed in purple R. ARNAULD d’Andilly,/ d'après Philippe de Champagne,/ par Mlle. J Denois., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./21 Aout/18., incised CMe Ad;
A cup, titled, Un mathétician./ d’après F. Bol., after Ferdinand Bol, ‘Portrait of a mathematician’, 1658. Probably decorated by Victorine Treveret or Treverret (active 1820-30, 1836-42). Printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y. in puce, incised BC DS6 Ad;iii
A cup, titled, PH. DE CHAMPAGNE., after Jean-Baptiste de Champaigne, ‘Philippe de Champaigne’, 1668. Decorated by Jenny Denois. The underside inscribed Par Mlle. J. Denois., printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y./21 Aout/ 18, incised BC DS6 Ad;
A cup, titled, Guillaume du Vair./ par FR. Porbus., after Frans Pourbus, 'Guillaume du Vair'. Decorated by Victorine Treveret or Treverret. The underside inscribed in purple Par Mlle. Treveret, printed LL mark in blue enclosing fleur-de-lys and Sevres, gilder’s mark D.Y, incised CM e or c Ad.iv
The Déjeuner des peintres Flamands conceived in 1818 was designed by Jean-Charles-François Leloy in his first years at Sèvres. A pencil and watercolour drawing design for one of the déjeuner’s cups survives in the Musée National de Céramique, Sèvres (fig. 1). The design, signed and dated 1818, shows that Leloy gave a choice of different motifs for the final ground pattern. It is interesting to note that the lozenge of artist’s tools shown in the design was omitted from the finished piece and is incorporated into the crested lip of the milk jug.
According to Van der Tuin letters from Sèvres were sent to the Comte de Forbin, Director of the Musée Royal, requesting permission for porcelain painters to study paintings in the Royal Collection.v Paintings were also sometimes lent to Sèvres for artists to copy. The study of Old Masters was well established by the 18th century, see F. B. Morse's painting Gallery of the Louvre, 1831-33, which shows a female painter working on a small-sized work. She sits in front of Rubens' Suzanne Fourment, which features on the sugar bowl of the present service (fig. 3). Works by the Flemish Masters were also copied onto large porcelain plaques including Van Eyck’s Virgin by Sophie de Bon in 1818, Carel Dujardin’s Wooded Grove by Pierre Robert in 1821 and Gerrit Dou’s Dropsical Woman by Jean Georget in 1822. The gilding of this déjeuner was completed by Charles Christian Marie Durosey (active 1800-30). Durosey also gilded the vases "Clodion" de Monsieur, one of the first models designed by Leloy at Sèvres.vi
The Louvre exhibition.
In 1814 Alexander Brongniart obtained authorisation to reintroduce the annual exhibitions of the factory's latest products. They had been established at Versailles by Louis XV and continued by Louis XVI. When reinstated the exhibitions took place in the Galerie d’Apollon on the first floor of the Louvre, then known as the Musée Royal, and also included other luxury goods from de tapisseries des Gobelins, de Beauvais, des tapis de la Savonnerie, and de mosaïque de Paris faite. The déjeuner entered the sales inventory on 22nd December 1821,vii with a sale price of 3365 Francs. It was one of three déjeuner that were exhibited in the annual New Year’s L'Exposition des Manufactures Royales in 1822. As seen in the exhibition floorplan the present déjeuner was displayed in one of the window bays overlooking the Seine (fig.2).viii
Brongniart and Leloy appear to have had a turbulent working relationship. In a letter dated 15th February 1844 Brongniart writes to the designer "You make too many small sketches of little significance which take you too long, that make the cost of executing your drawings too high… You use too much icy precision in drawings that should not have the dryness and exactitude of mechanical drawing."ix In spite of this Leloy was responsible for some of the most luxurious objects designed at Sèvres. His work attracted royal patronage; one of his earliest designs was a snuffbox casket for Louis XVIII (coffret de la tabatière du Roi), now in the Louvre Museum, INV.MS 214.x
According to Van Der Tuin’s article, a tray (plateau ovale) of the first size may have originally been intended to accompany the déjeuner. The author writes that it was painted by Fanny Charrin depicting Gerrit Dou’s Le Joueur de trompette sur fond de festin.xi Due to difficulties with the ground colour it was not delivered until later in 1822.xii It is interesting to consider this, as the cup in the present service depicting Gerrit Dou’s self-portrait was also painted by Charrin, suggesting artists specialised in, or preferred to copy particular Masters. It is possible that the tray mentioned is the example which survives in the collection of the Musée national de Céramique, Sèvres.xiii
Platinum
Silver decoration was rarely used at Sèvres during the late eighteenth century,xiv however it soon oxidized and tarnished. To resolve this problem the factory sought a material which would keep its lustre. The first service using platinum decoration, reserved on a simulated black lacquer ground, ‘fond noir’, was ordered on 6th May 1791, described in factory records as ‘fond noir Chinois en ors de couleurs et platine, fleurs, émailés.’xv Particularly successful and early uses of platinum as a ground colour can be seen on the déjeuner painted with medallions simulating cameo, circa 1813, decorated by Antoine Béranger (active 1808-48), and Jean François Philippine (1771-1840) in the National Museum of Stockholm;xvi and the pair of vases fuseaux, circa 1814, decorated in the same manner by Béranger, in the Musée du Louvre.
The painters of this extraordinary déjeuner have imitated details in the portraits of the Louvre which would have only been visible to them as they sat in front of the paintings copying them, which would not have appeared on a print. This exceptional déjeuner marries the technical advances in design and pays homage to the skill of the painter, both past and present.
[i] In 1834 Ducluzeau painted this portrait again on a large porcelain plaque now in the collection of the Musée national de Céramique, Sèvres, collection no. MNC769.
[ii] Interestingly the label above the medallion incorrectly attributes the original painting to Rubens. Musée du Louvre, Paris, INV. 1244. Antoine Béranger (active 1808-48) painted a larger copy on a porcelain plaque in 1826, MNC, collection no. MNC7652.
[iii] According to Van Der Tuin’s article the cup depicting Ferdinand Bol’s portrait of the Mathematician, though unsigned, was also painted by Victorine Treveret.
[iv] With the exception of the portrait of Anthony van Dyck which is now in the Châteaux de Versailles, Versailles, Inv. MV7316, all the source paintings are in the collection of the Musée du Louvre, Paris; Anthony van Dyck, Virgin with Donors, circa 1630, INV1231; Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, Self-portrait, circa 1633, INV1745; Anthony Van Dyck, Richardot and his son, INV1244; Peter Paul Rubens, Suzanne Fourment, INV1796; Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, Hendrickje Stoffels, INV1751; Gérard Dou, Self-portrait with a palette, INV1222; Philippe de Champaigne, Portrait of Robert Arnauld d’Andilly, 1650, INV1145; Ferdinand Bol, Portrait of a mathematician, 1658, INV1063; Jean-Baptiste de Champaigne, Philippe de Champaigne, 1668, INV1142; Frans Pourbus, Guillaume du Vair, INV1712.
[v] The letters were sent on 10th January, 26th and 27th May 1818, Van Der Tuin, op.cit., p. 49.
[vi] The pair was included in the Exhibition of Manufactory works in 1818 and named so as they were acquired by Louis XVIII as a gift for his brother the Comte d’Artois. They are now in the collection of the Musée du Louvre, inv. nos. OA 11340, OA 11341.
[vii] Register Vvi I, 170, 38.
[viii] A Sèvres porcelain guéridon painted by Moïsse Jacobber from the exhibition (no. 8 from the catalogue) was sold in Sotheby’s New York, 1st February 2013, lot 3. This guéridon flanked the Henri IV guéridon (now in the MNC, Sèvres), at the far end of the gallery.
[ix] Préaud, op. cit, p. 259
[x] A letter casket (coffret épistolaire) of similar form was delivered to Marie-Amélie, Queen of the French in December 1834, sold Sotheby’s New York, 10th May 2006, lot 56. See Samuel Wittwer, Refinement & Elegance - Early Nineteenth-Century Royal Porcelain from the Twinight Collection, New York, Munich, 2007, pp. 249-50, no. 62.
[xi] Musée du Louvre, INV1216.
[xii] Van Der Tuin, op. cit., p. 49.
[xiii] Inv. No. D19-MNC1819.
[xiv] See a teapot, bouillotte, dated 1778, decorated by Jean-Jacques Dieu in the collection of the British Museum, published by Aileen Dawson, French Porcelain, A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, London, 1994, pp. 144-45, no. 122, pl. 21; see also Adrian Sassoon, Vincennes and Sèvres porcelain, catalogue of the collections, 1991, pp. 152-57, no. 30.
[xv] The service was delivered to ‘M. de Semonville Ambassadeur’, Charles-Louis Huguet de Sémonville (1759-1839), who served as Envoy-Extraordinary to Genoa. For plate featuring this form of decoration see Aileen Dawson, ibid., London, 1994, p. 214.
[xvi] Carl Nordenfalh, Sèvres et les Cinq Sens, Stockholm, 1984, p. 18, fig. 10.